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However, the pharmacokinetics and relative safety of pradofloxacin, a third\u2010generation veterinary fluoroquinolone with a much broader spectrum of activity, have not been reported in this species. Here, we determined the pharmacokinetic profile of a single dose of oral pradofloxacin in rabbits and evaluated effects on the faecal microbiome. Four mature female rabbits were administered pradofloxacin (25\u00a0mg\/ml oral suspension), at a dose of 7.5\u00a0mg\/kg. The pradofloxacin median (range) T<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>was 4.50 (2.00\u20135.00) h, C<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>600.66 (395.85\u2013886.72) ng\/ml and t<jats:sub>\u00bd<\/jats:sub>was 1.27 (0.12\u20131.39) h. These results indicated that oral absorption of pradofloxacin was slower, and elimination faster compared with other fluoroquinolones in healthy rabbits, as well as relative to cats and dogs. Following treatment with pradofloxacin, faecal microbiota profiling showed some compositional differences between treated and control animals. This was the result of a significant decrease in the abundance of Proteobacteria, in particular bacteria belonging to the<jats:italic>Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Atopostipes<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Parabacteroides<\/jats:italic>genera. The pharmacokinetic profile of pradofloxacin in rabbits should be further studied by increasing the sample size and using multiple\u2010dose protocols (i.e. 7\u00a0days) to confirm safety. Further information on the effects of protein binding, higher dosages and disease on pradofloxacin pharmacokinetics in rabbits are needed before an accurate dosing regimen can be recommended.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.13038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]],"date-time":"2021-12-13T10:46:53Z","timestamp":1639392413000},"page":"203-212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Pharmacokinetic profile and effect on the faecal microbiome of a single dose of pradofloxacin oral suspension in the rabbit<i>(Oryctolagus cuniculus)<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7880-5261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shangzhe","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mandai Wildlife Group Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus Roseworthy SA Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darren J.","family":"Trott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus Roseworthy SA Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sugiyono","family":"Saputra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus Roseworthy SA Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esmaeil","family":"Ebrahimie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus Roseworthy SA Australia"},{"name":"La Trobe Genomics Research Platform School of Life Sciences College of Science, Health and Engineering La Trobe University Melbourne Vic. 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