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Limited studies have been conducted on pharmacokinetics of this drug in horses, with no studies involving oral formulations. Our study investigated pharmacokinetics of an oral diphenhydramine formulation compared to intravenous administration in non\u2010fasted adult horses. Six healthy horses underwent a single administration of three different doses of diphenhydramine (1\u00a0mg\/kg intravenously, 1\u00a0mg\/kg intragastrically, and 5\u00a0mg\/kg intragastrically) with a two\u2010week washout period between doses. Bioavailability of intragastric diphenhydramine was less than one percent and six percent for 1\u00a0mg\/kg and 5\u00a0mg\/kg intragastric doses, respectively. This poor bioavailability is similar to what is reported in dogs. Two of six horses experienced transient side effects after intravenous diphenhydramine administration, emphasizing the need for determining therapeutic plasma levels in efforts to determine the lowest effective dose minimizing risk of adverse effects. The main conclusion of our study was that oral diphenhydramine at doses up to 5\u00a0mg\/kg are unlikely to achieve therapeutic plasma levels in adult horses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.13041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,18]],"date-time":"2021-12-18T06:04:45Z","timestamp":1639807485000},"page":"188-195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Pharmacokinetics of diphenhydramine following single\u2010dose intravenous and oral administration in non\u2010fasted adult horses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4591-280X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy S.","family":"Redmond","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernadette 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