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A total of 228 cats from 12 US investigational sites met the enrollment criteria of which 107 placebo\u2010 and 112 TBS\u2010treated cats were included into the per protocol efficacy analysis. The dose of TBS was 8\u00a0mg (0.4\u00a0ml) to cats 1.2 to 3 kilograms and 20\u2009mg (1\u00a0ml) to cats &gt;3 to 7.5 kilograms applied topically to the dorsal unclipped cervical skin 1\u20132\u2009h prior to the undergoing elective surgical reproductive sterilization in conjunction with forelimb onychectomy. Interactive pain assessments and physiological variables were quantified through 96\u00a0h following recovery from anesthesia, and rescue analgesia was administered any time that pain control was scored inadequate. Cats requiring rescue analgesia or experiencing an adverse event suspected to be treatment related were considered treatment failures. Sixty\u2010five and 23 cats were considered treatment failures in the placebo and TBS groups, respectively, with most occurring on the day of surgery. The treatment success rates were 0.40 (95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.28\u20130.53]) and 0.81 (95% CI: [0.70\u20130.89]) in the placebo and TBS groups, respectively, and the difference was significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Adverse events occurred at a similar frequency and were not clinically meaningful in either treatment group. The post\u2010operative body temperatures over the duration of the study were on average 0.35 (95% CI: [0.20\u20130.50]) \u00b0C higher than baseline in TBS\u2010treated cats and were not clinically meaningful, an observation typical of opioids in cats. These results serve as substantial evidence that TBS is safe and effective for the control of orthopedic and soft tissue post\u2010operative pain in cats when a single topical dose is applied 1\u20132\u2009h prior to surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.13060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,5]],"date-time":"2022-07-05T12:51:09Z","timestamp":1657025469000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Multicentered masked placebo\u2010controlled phase 3 clinical study of an extended duration transdermal buprenorphine solution for post\u2010operative pain in cats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Terrence P.","family":"Clark","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nexcyon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  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