{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:15:07Z","timestamp":1787015707305,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,13]],"date-time":"2022-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Pharm &amp; Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>P.\u00a0aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) can cause otitis in dogs that is nonresponsive to empirical therapy. This study evaluated\n                    <jats:italic>P.\u00a0aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0216) from canine ear swabs submitted to the Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory from 2018\u20132020 to create an antibiogram and minimum inhibitory concentration distributions using Clinical Laboratory Standards Institutes breakpoints. Multidrug resistance was defined as non\u2010susceptibility to \u22651 drug from \u22653 antimicrobial classes. Submitting veterinarians (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a083) were invited to complete a survey about antimicrobial use and otitis management. Susceptibility was higher for aminoglycosides [gentamicin (82%, 177\/216) and amikacin (81%, 175\/216)] than fluoroquinolones [marbofloxacin (67%, 145\/216), enrofloxacin (32%, 70\/216), and orbifloxacin (18%, 39\/216)]. Most responding veterinarians (54%, 15\/28) prescribe topical aminoglycosides as first\u2010line therapy for canine otitis, but 71% (15\/21) prescribe fluoroquinolones if rods are seen cytologically. Ceftazidime, imipenem, and piperacillin\u2010tazobactam showed high susceptibility and are used rarely. Multidrug resistance was present in 13% (28\/216) of isolates. Based on in vitro susceptibility, topical aminoglycosides might be more effective than fluoroquinolones for\n                    <jats:italic>P.\u00a0aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    otitis, but efficacy studies are required. Susceptibility testing is encouraged for cases not responding to empirical therapy but has limitations because topical preparations have high concentrations and otic breakpoints are not available.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.13077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T01:18:50Z","timestamp":1655169530000},"page":"440-449","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/i>\n                    susceptibility, antibiogram and clinical interpretation, and antimicrobial prescribing behaviors for dogs with otitis in the Midwestern United States"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0215-3284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kate S.","family":"KuKanich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Bagladi\u2010Swanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4037-3472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Butch","family":"KuKanich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy &amp; Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12290"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/inp.j892"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268818003278"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.6.6.702"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12071"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941\u2010017\u20100193\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.12500"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vetreccr-2017-000528"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","volume-title":"Performance standards for antimicrobial disk and dilution susceptibility tests for bacteria isolated from animals","author":"Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","volume-title":"Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing","author":"Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)","year":"2020"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1998.212.04.534","article-title":"Microbial flora and antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of isolated pathogens from the horizontal ear canal and middle ear in dogs with otitis media","volume":"212","author":"Cole L. 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