{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T08:17:40Z","timestamp":1771575460203,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,18]],"date-time":"2023-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Pharm &amp; Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Enrofloxacin (ENR) is widely used in aquaculture practice, but little is known about its pharmacokinetic, withdrawal period and dietary risk in fish via bath administration. The purpose of this study was to provide data support for the use of ENR bath therapy in the northern snakehead (<jats:italic>Channa argus<\/jats:italic>). The pilot study was carried out to evaluate the therapy concentrations of ENR in northern snakehead with immersion concentrations ranged from 5 to 40\u2009mg\/L for 6\u2009h. Based on results of the pilot study, an ENR immersion concentration of 20\u2009mg\/L was used for the formal experiment. At this dose, the peak concentrations of ENR in plasma, muscle plus skin, liver and kidney were 4.85, 4.55, 3.87 and 7.42\u2009\u03bcg\/mL (or g), respectively. According to the AUC<jats:sub>0\u2010\u221e<\/jats:sub> values, the distribution of ENR in northern snakehead followed the order of kidney\u2009&gt;\u2009plasma\u2009&gt;\u2009liver\u2009&gt;\u2009muscle\u2009+\u2009skin. The elimination of ENR in northern snakehead was very slow, the half\u2010lives (T<jats:sub>1\/2\u03bb<jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>) were up to 90.31, 85.5, 104.56 and 120.9\u2009h in plasma, muscle plus skin, liver and kidney, respectively. Ciprofloxacin (CIP) was not detected in any samples in the pilot study and was only occasionally detected in muscle plus skin and liver samples in formal experiment. Based on the calculated PK\/PD index AUC\/MIC and <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\/MIC, the current bath treatment regimen will have a good therapeutic effect on infections caused by bacteria with MIC below 0.6\u2009\u03bcg\/mL. The dietary risk assessment suggested that there was a dietary risk (Hazard Quotients\u2009&gt;\u200910%) until day 6 after bath treatment. It is mandatory for ENR to maintain a withdrawal period of at least 450\u00b0C\u2010day in northern snakehead after bath treatment ceased.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.13413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T05:49:15Z","timestamp":1697694555000},"page":"134-142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Pharmacokinetics, withdrawal period and risk assessment of enrofloxacin in the northern snakehead (<i>Channa argus<\/i>) following bath administration"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Meiling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4204-352X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guangming","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6259-6194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisha","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lichun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiawei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shugui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxin","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linting","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6095-3602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qi","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2018.07.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"CMARA. (2019).GB 31650\u20132019. National food safety standard maximum residue limits for veterinary drugs in foods.http:\/\/down.foodmate.net\/standard\/sort\/3\/64074.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","volume-title":"China fishery statistical yearbook, 2022","author":"CMARA","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","unstructured":"EMA. (2002).Committee for veterinary medicinal products enrofloxacin summary report (5). EMEA\/MRL\/820\/02\u2010Final.http:\/\/www.doc88.com\/p\u20103327591649797.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","unstructured":"EMA. (2012).Guideline on approach towards harmonisation of withdrawal periods.https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/scientific\u2010guideline\/draft\u2010guideline\u2010approach\u2010towards\u2010harmonisation\u2010withdrawal\u2010periods_en.pdf"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Aeromonas veronii disease in the refined snakehead fish, Ophiocephalus argus (Cantor)","volume":"7","author":"Estrada F.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Advances in Aquaculture and Fisheries Management"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2011.01337.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0219866"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-010-0509-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2005.00684.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","first-page":"391","article-title":"Antibiotic susceptibility of Aeromonas hydrophila and A. sobria isolated from farmed carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)","volume":"48","author":"Guz L.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0044-8486(99)00253-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-37.1.215"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.1996.tb00057.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2014.998989"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2885.1997.00814.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.12115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.36.8.1738"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","first-page":"297","article-title":"Bath administration of the quinoline antibiotic flumequine to brown trout Salmo trutta and Atlantic salmon S. salar","volume":"4","author":"O\"Grady P.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1638\/2015-0110.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2761.2002.00363.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.12887"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0044-8486(02)00272-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.77.11.1266"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/vetr.200"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.12428"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.872828"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.12794"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.3876"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2006.05.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2020.734984"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","first-page":"62","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in koi carp (Cyprinus carpio) after various routes of administration","volume":"41","author":"Udomkusonsri P.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Kasetsart Journal: Natural Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11113086"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00498254.2020.1747119"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2016.0103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/46.5.669"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gigascience\/gix011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2023.112604"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2005.10.030"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin and its metabolites in European eel (Anguilla anguilla) after bath treatment","volume":"4","author":"Yu P.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Fujian Fisheries"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2020.736183"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2021.737356"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Nutritional composition analysis and evaluation of Ophicephalus argus and Opniocepnalus argus var","volume":"48","author":"Zhou C. W.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Freshwater Fisheries"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jvp.13413","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]],"date-time":"2024-03-11T04:24:57Z","timestamp":1710131097000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jvp.13413"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,18]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jvp.13413"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jvp.13413","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0140-7783","1365-2885"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0140-7783","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2885","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-08-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-10-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-10-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}