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Recently, a new combination product containing toltrazuril and gleptoferron for intramuscular application (Forceris\u00ae) has been registered. The objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic profiles of toltrazuril and its main metabolite, toltrazuril sulfone, following a single oral (Baycox\u00ae) or intramuscular (Forceris\u00ae, a toltrazuril\u2010iron combination product) administration at 20\u2009mg\/kg to young suckling piglets. The orally treated piglets were also supplemented with iron (Gleptosil\u00ae), and the hematinic activities were compared. Piglets in both groups received comparable doses. The peak concentration (C<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>) of toltrazuril after intramuscular administration was 11% lower than that after oral administration (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.376). However, the exposure to toltrazuril (AUC) was significantly increased (40% higher) when toltrazuril was administered intramuscularly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.036). The C<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> and AUC values of the active metabolite, toltrazuril sulfone were 39% and 34% higher, respectively, after intramuscular administration (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.007 and 0.008, respectively). Piglets in both groups were properly protected against IDA. In conclusion, a higher relative bioavailability of toltrazuril is observed when toltrazuril is administered intramuscularly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.13464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]],"date-time":"2024-06-20T03:54:58Z","timestamp":1718855698000},"page":"492-502","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparison of an injectable toltrazuril\u2013gleptoferron and an oral toltrazuril + injectable gleptoferron in piglets: Hematinic activities and pharmacokinetics"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5315-3428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamadi","family":"Karembe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ceva Sant\u00e9 Animale, ZI de la Ballasti\u00e8re  Libourne 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