{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T01:12:50Z","timestamp":1792113170373,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Pharm &amp; Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Buserelin acetate, a synthetic analog of gonadotropin\u2010releasing hormone (GnRH), is used to induce ovulation and enable fixed\u2010time artificial insemination (FTAI) in swine. Evaluating the pharmacokinetics of buserelin acetate is crucial for optimizing its application in precisely controlling ovulation timing and enhancing the effectiveness of FTAI in pigs. This study investigates the pharmacokinetics of buserelin acetate following intramuscular administration in gilts. Ten healthy prepuberty gilts (Landrace \u00d7 Yorkshire \u00d7 Duroc) with an average body weight of 72.0\u2009\u00b1\u20093.4\u2009kg were included in the study. Before treatment, all ten gilts underwent surgical implantation of an indwelling venous catheter to allow repeated blood samplings for pharmacokinetic assessment. On Day 3 after surgery, each gilt received an intramuscular injection of 100\u2009\u03bcg buserelin acetate (25\u2009mL of 4\u2009\u03bcg\/mL Receptal, MSD Animal Health, USA). Blood samples (5\u2009mL each) were collected 14 times from each gilt via the jugular catheter at the following time points: 0, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 45\u2009min, as well as 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, and 6\u2009h post\u2010injection. Blood samples were collected into heparinized tubes, centrifuged to separate the plasma, and stored at \u221220\u00b0C until analysis. Plasma buserelin concentrations were then determined using Liquid Chromatography\u2013Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC\u2013MS\/MS). The LC\u2013MS\/MS system operated in positive ion mode using electrospray ionization with multiple reaction monitoring. Buserelin was quantified based on precursor\/product ion pairs identified in the chromatogram. The calibration curve for buserelin acetate in pig plasma showed high linearity (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009\u2265\u20090.99), with a lower limit of quantification of 0.30\u2009\u03bcg\/L. The findings showed that the average maximum plasma concentration (\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) of buserelin acetate was 2.21\u2009\u00b1\u20090.72\u2009\u03bcg\/L, occurring at 0.30\u2009\u00b1\u20090.10\u2009h (\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) after administration. The elimination half\u2010life (\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1\/2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) was 0.51\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03\u2009h. The area under the concentration\u2013time curve from 0 to the last measurement point (AUC\n                    <jats:sub>0\u2010t<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) was 7.30\u2009\u00b1\u20090.87\u2009\u03bcg\u00b7h\/L. The clearance rate (CL) was 0.20\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03\u2009L\/h\/kg, and the apparent volume of distribution (Vd) was 0.13\u2009\u00b1\u20090.05\u2009L\/kg. These results suggest that buserelin acetate from Receptal is rapidly metabolized and eliminated in gilts, emphasizing the need for precise timing of administration to maintain effective drug concentrations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.70036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T13:34:17Z","timestamp":1764336857000},"page":"180-188","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Buserelin Acetate (Receptal) in Gilts"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Preechaphon","family":"Taechamaeteekul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science Chulalongkorn University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tussapon","family":"Boonyarattanasoonthorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chulalongkorn University Laboratory Animal Center Chulalongkorn University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chutikan","family":"Srisang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science Chulalongkorn University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yosua Kristian","family":"Adi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada  Yogyakarta Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natchanon","family":"Dumniem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science Chulalongkorn University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinda","family":"Singlor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science Chulalongkorn University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyao","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck Animal Health  Madison New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2350-7798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romchat","family":"Chutoprapat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chulalongkorn University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1738-3840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert V.","family":"Knox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences University of Illinois  Urbana Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7000-4371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Padet","family":"Tummaruk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science Chulalongkorn University  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Centre of Excellence in Swine Reproduction Chulalongkorn University  Bangkok 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