{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T09:14:11Z","timestamp":1790846051476,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]],"date-time":"2016-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Staphylococcus aureus is a common human bacterial pathogen that causes skin and soft tissue infections. Methicillin-resistant Staph. aureus (MRSA) are increasingly drug-resistant, and thus there is great need for new therapeutics to treat Staph. aureus infections. Attention has focused on potential utility of natural products, such as extracts of marine macroalgae, as a source of novel antimicrobial compounds. The green macroalgae Ulva lactuca produces compounds inhibitory to human pathogens, although the effectiveness of U. lactuca extracts against clinically relevant strains of Staph. aureus is poorly understood. In addition, macroalgae produce secondary metabolites that may be influenced by exogenous factors including lunar phase, but whether lunar phase affects U. lactuca antimicrobial capacity is unknown. We sought to evaluate the antibacterial properties of U. lactuca extracts against medically important Staphylococci, and to determine the effect of lunar phase on antimicrobial activity. We report that U. lactuca methanolic extracts inhibit a range of Staphylococci, and that lunar phase of macrolagae harvest significantly impacts antimicrobial activity, suggesting that antimicrobial properties can be maximized by manipulating time of algal harvest. These findings provide useful parameters for future studies aimed at isolating and characterizing U. lactuca anti-Staphylococcal agents.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Significance and Impact of the Study<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The growing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant human pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has intensified efforts towards discovery and development of novel therapeutics. Marine macroalgae like Ulva lactuca are increasingly recognized as potential sources of antimicrobials, but the efficacy of U. lactuca extracts against common, virulent strains of Staph. aureus is poorly understood. We demonstrate that U. lactuca methanolic extracts inhibit a variety of clinically relevant Staphylococcus strains, and that the antimicrobial activity can be maximized by optimizing time of algal harvest. These findings provide potentially useful parameters for future work of isolating and identifying novel antimicrobial agents from macroalgae.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/lam.12563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,9]],"date-time":"2016-03-09T15:02:36Z","timestamp":1457535756000},"page":"363-371","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Antimicrobial activity of extracts from macroalgae <i>Ulva lactuca<\/i> against clinically important Staphylococci is impacted by lunar phase of macroalgae harvest"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"A.M.","family":"Deveau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Physics University of New England Biddeford ME USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Miller-Hope","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Marine Sciences University of New England Biddeford ME USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Lloyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology University of New England Biddeford ME USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.S.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Physics University of New England Biddeford ME USA"},{"name":"Departments of Biology and Chemistry Wheaton College Norton MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Bolduc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Physics University of New England Biddeford ME USA"},{"name":"Department of Biology University of New England Biddeford ME USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.M.","family":"Meader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Physics University of New England Biddeford ME USA"},{"name":"Department of Biology University of New England Biddeford ME USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology University of New England Biddeford ME USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.M.","family":"Burkholder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology University of New England Biddeford ME USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023020106405812000_lam12563-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(05)80360-2","article-title":"Basic local alignment search tool","volume":"215","author":"Altschul","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"2023020106405812000_lam12563-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jembe.2007.04.013","article-title":"Effects of starvation and macroalgae extracts on the survival and growth of quahog parasite unknown (QPX)","volume":"348","author":"Bugge","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Exp Mar Bio Ecol"},{"key":"2023020106405812000_lam12563-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2010.01.065","article-title":"Guaiane sesquiterpenes from seaweed Ulva fasciata Delile and their antibacterial properties","volume":"45","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"key":"2023020106405812000_lam12563-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2009.09.019","article-title":"Antibacterial labdane diterpenoids of Ulva fasciata Delile from southwestern boast of the Indian Peninsula","volume":"119","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2010","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"2023020106405812000_lam12563-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8613","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008613","article-title":"Validation of the ITS2 region as a novel DNA barcode for identifying medicinal plant species","volume":"5","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2023020106405812000_lam12563-bib-0006","volume-title":"Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria that Grow Aerobically; Approved Standard \u2013 Tenth edition. 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