{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T15:13:04Z","timestamp":1781622784116,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,20]],"date-time":"2013-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1358640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Austrian Society of Internal Medicine"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>We evaluated the effects of nebivolol, a third generation beta\u2010blocker capable of increasing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010bioavailability on portal pressure, and on splachnic and systemic haemodynamics in a cirrhotic portal hypertensive rat model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Male Sprague\u2013Dawley rats underwent sham operation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SO<\/jats:styled-content>) or bile duct ligation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BDL<\/jats:styled-content>). When cirrhosis was fully developed, the animals were orally treated with low\u2010dose (5\u00a0mg\/kg) or high\u2010dose (10\u00a0mg\/kg) nebivolol (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NEBI<\/jats:styled-content>) or vehicle (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEH<\/jats:styled-content>) for 7 days. Heart rate (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>), mean arterial pressure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content>), portal pressure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PP<\/jats:styled-content>) and superior mesenteric artery blood flow (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMABF<\/jats:styled-content>) were measured. Portosystemic collateral blood flow (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSCBF<\/jats:styled-content>) was quantified using radioactive microspheres. Hepatic and splanchnic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub> levels and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSH<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSSG<\/jats:styled-content> ratios (RedOx state) were determined using commercially available kits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>BDL\u2010VEH rats showed increased HR, PP and PSCBF, whereas MAP was decreased compared to SO\u2010VEH rats. Nebivolol significantly reduced HR both in SO (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and BDL (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) rats. BDL\u2010NEBI animals had significantly higher PP (15.5 vs. 12.6\u00a0mmHg; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.006) and SMABF (5.3 vs. 3.7 ml\/min\/100g; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.016) than BDL\u2010VEH animals. The increase in PP and SMABF was noted both in low\u2010dose and high\u2010dose BDL\u2010NEBI rats. While no beneficial effects on hepatic RedOx state were observed, splanchnic NO<jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub> levels were significantly increased by NEBI treatment in a dose\u2010dependent manner. Nebivolol treatment did not affect PSCBF in SO and BDL animals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nebivolol increases portal pressure in cirrhotic animals by increasing splanchnic blood flow via modulation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content> signalling. Porto\u2010systemic collateral blood flow remained unchanged. These data do not support the use of Nebivolol for treatment of cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,22]],"date-time":"2012-12-22T06:05:02Z","timestamp":1356156302000},"page":"561-568","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Nebivolol treatment increases splanchnic blood flow and portal pressure in cirrhotic rats via modulation of nitric oxide signalling"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Thomas","family":"Reiberger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III Division of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berit Anna","family":"Payer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III Division of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Schwabl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III Division of Gastroenterology &amp; 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