{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T02:29:32Z","timestamp":1789352972447,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,2]],"date-time":"2013-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1380672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006477","name":"National Taiwan University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006477","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001868","name":"National Science Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Executive Yuan"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005762","name":"National Taiwan University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005762","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Occult hepatitis B virus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content>) infection (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OHB<\/jats:styled-content>) may exist in patients experiencing hepatitis B surface antigen (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>sAg) seroclearance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>We examined the clinical and virological features of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OHB<\/jats:styled-content> in patients who lost <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>sAg post\u2010treatment or spontaneously.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We collected 44 patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>sAg seroclearance: 15 patients with dual <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content>\/hepatitis C virus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content>) infection who lost <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>sAg after peginterferon alfa\u20102a (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFN<\/jats:styled-content>) plus ribavirin therapy; 13 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> mono\u2010infected patients who lost <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>sAg after various oral antiviral therapies; and 16 patients who lost <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>sAg spontaneously. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OHB<\/jats:styled-content> was defined as detectable serum <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV DNA<\/jats:styled-content> in the absence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>sAg. Viral mutations associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OHB<\/jats:styled-content> were identified by comparison with matched controls that remained positive for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>sAg, and further characterized <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OHB<\/jats:styled-content> was 34.1% (15\/44) in all patients, which was not significantly different among three groups. One mutation in surface promoter\/polymerase region, C3050T (preS1T68I), was identified to be associated with the seroclearance of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>sAg in six cases. This mutation does not change the amino acid sequence of the polymerase protein. The S promoter activity was significantly lower in the construct containing C3050T mutation as compared with the wild\u2010type (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0008). However, this mutation did not affect <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> replication, transcription and translation in the context of the full\u2010length <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> genome. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OHB<\/jats:styled-content> was not rare in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>sAg seroclearance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>One mutation, C3050T (preS1T68I), decreased S promoter activity; nevertheless, other factors may play more important role in the clearance of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>sAg in these <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OHB<\/jats:styled-content> patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,11]],"date-time":"2013-09-11T11:51:25Z","timestamp":1378900285000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Clinical and virological features of occult hepatitis B in patients with HBsAg seroclearance post\u2010treatment or spontaneously"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Huei\u2010Ru","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia\u2010Horng","family":"Kao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Hepatitis Research Center National Taiwan 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