{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T18:00:51Z","timestamp":1792000851930,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,7]],"date-time":"2014-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1389052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background & Aims<\/jats:title>Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB<\/jats:styled-content>) is a risk factor for urinary tract infections (UTI<\/jats:styled-content>s) in many patients without liver disease. It remains unclear whether a diagnosis of ASB<\/jats:styled-content> in an outpatient with cirrhosis could be utilized to predict the subsequent development of a UTI<\/jats:styled-content>. We undertook this study to determine the prevalence and incidence of ASB<\/jats:styled-content> in an outpatient population and its association with UTI<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>We prospectively evaluated 108 adult outpatients with cirrhosis over a 6\u2010month period. Monthly midstream urines (MSU<\/jats:styled-content>) were performed to detect the occurrence of UTI<\/jats:styled-content> and ASB<\/jats:styled-content> (culture of \u2265108<\/jats:sup> CFU\/L of a urinary pathogen in the absence of UTI<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Of 108 patients enrolled, 99 completed at least one MSU<\/jats:styled-content>, for a total of 489 MSU<\/jats:styled-content>s. Total follow\u2010up was 44 person\u2010years. The incidences of ASB<\/jats:styled-content> and UTI<\/jats:styled-content> were 181 and 250 per 1000 person\u2010years, respectively. The prevalences of ASB<\/jats:styled-content> and UTI<\/jats:styled-content> on the first MSU<\/jats:styled-content> were 5 and 1%, respectively. In total, 8% of patients developed an episode of ASB<\/jats:styled-content> and 11% developed a UTI<\/jats:styled-content> during the study period. Univariate predictors of UTI<\/jats:styled-content> were female gender, primary biliary cirrhosis, number of previous UTI<\/jats:styled-content>s and preceding ASB<\/jats:styled-content>. Preceding ASB<\/jats:styled-content> was the only independent predictor of UTI<\/jats:styled-content> on multivariate analysis, with an odds ratio of 6.2 (1.1\u201334.3), P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.04.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Cirrhotic patients have higher rates of ASB<\/jats:styled-content> and UTI<\/jats:styled-content> than reported in the general population. ASB<\/jats:styled-content> is an independent predictor of UTI<\/jats:styled-content>. Further studies are necessary to determine whether routine screening and antimicrobial treatment of ASB<\/jats:styled-content> is warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12435","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,10]],"date-time":"2013-12-10T16:12:44Z","timestamp":1386691964000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Asymptomatic bacteriuria is an independent predictor of urinary tract infections in an ambulatory cirrhotic population: a prospective evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Carrie","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepali","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Carbonneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Keough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Puneeta","family":"Tandon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.30082"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25532"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01286.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21443"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.06.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(05)80097-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.25.2.133"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(89)90008-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/427507"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200010053431402"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20907"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-11-95"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"473","article-title":"Detection of M2 antibodies in patients with recurrent urinary tract infection using an ELISA and purified PBC specific antigens. 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