{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:10:54Z","timestamp":1790791854036,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,17]],"date-time":"2014-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1400284800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background &amp; Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hepatopulmonary syndrome is a complication of chronic liver disease resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. It is caused by intrapulmonary vascular dilations and arteriovenous connections with devastating influence on gas exchange. The pathogenesis is not completely understood but evidence mounts for angiogenesis. Aims of this study were <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"#liv12579-bib-0001\"\/> to identify angiogenic factors in serum of patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome and <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"#liv12579-bib-0002\"\/> to study the possibility to predict its presence by these factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multiplex assays were used to measure the concentration of angiogenic factors in patients with (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a030) and without hepatopulmonary syndrome (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a030). Diagnosis was based on the presence of gas exchange abnormality and intrapulmonary vasodilations according to published guidelines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with and without hepatopulmonary syndrome had similar <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MELD<\/jats:styled-content> scores (median: 11.2 vs. 11.6; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.7), Child\u2013Pugh score (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.7) and Pa<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CO<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> values (median: 35 vs. 37; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.06). PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and P(A\u2010a) O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> gradient were significantly different (respectively median of 80 vs. 86, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02; and 24 vs. 16, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.004). Based on area under the curve (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUC<\/jats:styled-content>) data and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010values, the best predictors were vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VCAM<\/jats:styled-content>1) (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUC<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.932; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and intercellular adhesion molecule 3 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICAM<\/jats:styled-content>3) (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUC<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.741; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003). Combining these factors results in an <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUC<\/jats:styled-content> of 0.99 (after cross\u2010validation still 0.99).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VCAM<\/jats:styled-content>1 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICAM<\/jats:styled-content>3 might be promising biomarkers for predicting hepatopulmonary syndrome. Combining these factors results in an <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUC<\/jats:styled-content> of 0.99 and a negative predictive value of 100%. Determining the concentration of these biomarkers might be a screening method to detect hepatopulmonary syndrome. The use of these biomarkers should be validated in larger groups of patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12579","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,28]],"date-time":"2014-04-28T07:59:07Z","timestamp":1398671947000},"page":"1499-1507","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Role of angiogenic factors\/cell adhesion markers in serum of cirrhotic patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Sarah","family":"Raevens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Coulon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Van Steenkiste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Maria Middelares Hospital Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roos","family":"Colman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Ghent University Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Verhelst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Van Vlierberghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anja","family":"Geerts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Perkmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Horvatits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentin","family":"Fuhrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Colle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis ASZ Aalst Belgium and Ghent University Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0707185"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.105.5.1528"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)01207-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.97.5.1165"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"133","article-title":"Prevalence and reversibility of the hepatopulmonary syndrome after liver transplantation. 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