{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:36:29Z","timestamp":1768178189031,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,20]],"date-time":"2015-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004710","name":"Fondazione Umberto Veronesi","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"F.I.R.E. fellowship"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background & Aims<\/jats:title>Mixed cryoglobulinaemia (MC<\/jats:styled-content>) is an HCV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by the presence of circulating immune complexes called cryoglobulins. Treatment with anti\u2010CD<\/jats:styled-content>20 monoclonal antibody rituximab is proved to be very useful, especially in patients ineligible to interferon\u2010based antiviral therapy. Recently, free light chain (FLC<\/jats:styled-content>) \u03ba\/\u03bb ratio and FLC<\/jats:styled-content> patterns were associated with MC<\/jats:styled-content>. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in FLC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03ba, FCL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03bb, FLC<\/jats:styled-content> ratio following rituximab treatment in patients with HCV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related MC<\/jats:styled-content> and to correlate FLC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03ba, FCL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03bb and FLC<\/jats:styled-content> ratio values with therapy response.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>We retrospectively enrolled 46 patients with HCV<\/jats:styled-content> infection (26 females, 20 males), including 10 patients without signs\/symptoms of MC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related vasculitis, 36 with MC<\/jats:styled-content> vasculitis. Clinical and biological data were recorded at baseline and 6\u00a0months after RTX<\/jats:styled-content> treatment. Nephelometric measurement of serum FLC<\/jats:styled-content>s was taken.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The mean serum FLC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03ba level and FLC<\/jats:styled-content> ratio were significantly higher in patients with MC<\/jats:styled-content>, compared to HCV<\/jats:styled-content> patients without MC<\/jats:styled-content> and to blood donors. An abnormal FLC<\/jats:styled-content> ratio at baseline correlated with the presence of cryoglobulins, C4 consumption, higher RF<\/jats:styled-content> level and higher vasculitis rate. To evaluate the predictive value of FLC<\/jats:styled-content>s, patients with MC<\/jats:styled-content> were divided into two groups according to RTX<\/jats:styled-content> therapy outcome (responders and no\/partial responders). Abnormal baseline FLC<\/jats:styled-content> ratio was significantly associated with no\/partial response.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>RTX<\/jats:styled-content> treatment in HCV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related MC<\/jats:styled-content> induces a reduction in FLC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03ba and RF<\/jats:styled-content> levels. Moreover, pretreatment FLC<\/jats:styled-content> ratio, which can be easily assessed by a routine test, may be useful to predict response to this expensive treatment for patients with HCV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related MC<\/jats:styled-content> ineligible to IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010based therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,20]],"date-time":"2015-03-20T16:26:18Z","timestamp":1426868778000},"page":"2100-2107","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Assessment of free light chains in HCV<\/scp>\u2010positive patients with mixed cryoglobulinaemia vasculitis undergoing rituximab treatment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Umberto","family":"Basile","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine of the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Rome 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Hepatitis Viruses (MaSVE) Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria T.","family":"Dell'Abate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine of the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Torti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine of the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Stasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Viruses (MaSVE) Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence 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