{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T07:41:55Z","timestamp":1696232515236},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,25]],"date-time":"2016-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background &amp; Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Excessive intestinal gas and liver steatosis are frequent sonographic findings. Both of these appear to be caused by variations of the gut microflora. We assessed the relationship between ultrasonographic detection of intestinal gas and liver steatosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study included 204 consecutive patients (99 male; mean age 53.0\u00a0\u00b1\u00a015.6\u00a0years), who underwent ultrasonography for abdominal complaints or follow\u2010up of benign lesions. Body mass index, biochemical liver markers, sonographic presence of liver steatosis and\/or degree of intestinal gas interfering with the examination were collected. Both sonographic findings were assessed based on standardized criteria. The association between liver steatosis and intestinal gas was evaluated by means of univariate and multivariate analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighty (39.2%) of patients showed moderate to large amounts of gas preventing an accurate evaluation of the liver or pancreas and 90 (44.1%) had liver steatosis. A significant correlation between the degree of intestinal gas and liver steatosis both in obese (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>=.603; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;.001) and in nonobese patients (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>=.555; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;.001) was found. Univariate analysis showed that intestinal gas, body mass index, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, gamma\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GT<\/jats:styled-content>, age and sex were predictors of liver steatosis; only intestinal gas (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content> 7.4; 95% CI 3.4\u201316.1) and body mass index (OR; 1.4, 95% CI 1.2\u20131.5), however, were independent predictors at multivariate analysis. The presence of excessive gas was also significantly correlated with liver steatosis coupled with elevated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALT<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study shows a significant correlation between excessive intestinal gas and liver steatosis. The reasons of this finding and its clinical implications remain to be defined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,4]],"date-time":"2016-07-04T06:27:57Z","timestamp":1467613677000},"page":"141-147","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Intestinal gas and liver steatosis: a casual association? A prospective multicentre assessment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Maconi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco University Hospital  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Furfaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco University Hospital  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Fries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Messina  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Dell'Era","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco University Hospital  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Bezzio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco University Hospital  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Costantino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Messina  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vittorio","family":"Giuliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital  Perugia Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Alibrandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economy University of Messina  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Guzowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Stanton Territorial Hospital  Yellowknife NT Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabrio","family":"Bassotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section Department of Medicine University of Perugia Medical School  Perugia Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2015.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2010.172"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1665-2681(19)31457-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26093"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gcb.2009.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04637.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2005.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01526.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jus.2012.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9260(97)80277-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000282080"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20734"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04724.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12813"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"202","article-title":"Prevalence of ultrasound\u2010diagnosed non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease in a hospital cohort and its association with anthropometric, biochemical and sonographic characteristics","volume":"3","author":"Kirovski G","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2007.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2014.297"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2012.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22848"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2013.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000573"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/757929"}],"container-title":["Liver International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fliv.13198","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fliv.13198","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/liv.13198","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T17:29:15Z","timestamp":1696181355000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/liv.13198"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,25]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/liv.13198"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/liv.13198","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-3223","1478-3231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-3223","type":"print"},{"value":"1478-3231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,25]]}}}