{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T02:45:38Z","timestamp":1774579538783,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,13]],"date-time":"2016-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background & Aim<\/jats:title>Budd\u2010Chiari syndrome (BCS<\/jats:styled-content>) is caused by hepatic venous outflow obstruction. This work aimed at analyzing characteristics and factors associated with development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC<\/jats:styled-content>) in patients with primary BCS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>A total of 348 Egyptian BCS<\/jats:styled-content> patients were included. They were presented to the Budd\u2010Chiari Study Group of Ain Shams University Hospital. BCS<\/jats:styled-content> was confirmed using abdominal Doppler US<\/jats:styled-content>. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI<\/jats:styled-content>), MR<\/jats:styled-content> venography and\/or multislice computed tomography (CT<\/jats:styled-content>) were performed to confirm all diagnoses and to assess vascular anatomy. Hepatic focal lesions detected during the study period (2005\u20132011) were evaluated using serum alpha foetoprotein (AFP<\/jats:styled-content>) level, imaging features and histopathological examination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Diagnosis of HCC<\/jats:styled-content> was confirmed in 15\/348 patients (4.3%). Imaging studies showed that 60% had multiple hepatic focal lesions ranging from 2 to 6.3\u00a0cm in size. The median level of serum AFP<\/jats:styled-content> in BCS<\/jats:styled-content> with HCC<\/jats:styled-content> was 300\u00a0ng\/mL vs 11\u00a0ng\/mL in those without HCC<\/jats:styled-content> (P<\/jats:italic><.001). A cut\u2010off level >24.5\u00a0ng\/mL for serum AFP<\/jats:styled-content> showed sensitivity 80%, specificity 97.9%, positive predictive value 93.18% and negative predictive value 99.1% for detection of HCC<\/jats:styled-content> in BCS<\/jats:styled-content> patients. Male gender, older age, cigarette smoking, serum AFP<\/jats:styled-content> (>24.5\u00a0ng\/mL) and shrunken liver by ultrasonography were independent factors associated with HCC<\/jats:styled-content> development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Male gender, older age and cigarette smoking are independent risk factors for development of HCC<\/jats:styled-content> in BCS<\/jats:styled-content>. Serum AFP<\/jats:styled-content> is a good screening test in BCS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]],"date-time":"2016-08-10T09:12:56Z","timestamp":1470820376000},"page":"415-422","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma in Egyptian patients with primary Budd\u2010Chiari syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Sakr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara M.","family":"Abdelhakam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hany","family":"Dabbous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amr","family":"Hamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zeinab","family":"Hefny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Waleed","family":"Abdelmoaty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Shaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"El\u2010Gharib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Eldorry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840380404"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0011-3840(96)80001-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-23202"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i19.2693"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.161.2.8333368"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1726-4901(09)70346-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"249","article-title":"Radiological study of idiopathic Budd\u2010 Chiari syndrome complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma. A report of four cases","volume":"89","author":"Takayasu K","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2005.01194.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.09090738"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.2595"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-23203"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.139477"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v17.i42.4704"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.278"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199401000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-199807000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61283-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i16.1946"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1995.415"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-009-9122-5"}],"container-title":["Liver International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fliv.13219","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fliv.13219","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/liv.13219","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T18:57:01Z","timestamp":1695495421000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/liv.13219"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,13]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/liv.13219"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/liv.13219","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-3223","1478-3231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-3223","type":"print"},{"value":"1478-3231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,13]]}}}