{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T20:01:45Z","timestamp":1791489705646,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,23]],"date-time":"2016-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1474588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000377","name":"Dunhill Medical Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000377","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Concurrent extrahepatic autoimmune disease (CEHAID<\/jats:styled-content>) associated with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH<\/jats:styled-content>) have been incorporated into the diagnostic criteria stipulated by the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group (IAIHG<\/jats:styled-content>). Large comprehensive cohort data on the extrahepatic autoimmunity in AIH<\/jats:styled-content> remain scanty.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Aim<\/jats:title>To systematically assess features and clinical impact of CEHAID<\/jats:styled-content> on AIH<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Clinical records of 562 patients with AIH<\/jats:styled-content> from two tertiary centres in the UK were retrospectively reviewed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Prevalence of CEHAID<\/jats:styled-content> in patients with AIH<\/jats:styled-content> was 42%. Autoimmune thyroid disease was the commonest CEHAID<\/jats:styled-content> associated with AIH<\/jats:styled-content> (101\/562, 18%). Autoimmune skin diseases were more prevalent in AIH<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 than AIH<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 (21.9% vs 7%, P<\/jats:italic>=.009). Personal history of CEHAID<\/jats:styled-content> was more commonly found in AIH<\/jats:styled-content> patients with than without first\u2010degree family history of CEHAID<\/jats:styled-content> [48\/86 (55.8%) vs 169\/446 (37.9%), P<\/jats:italic>=.002]. AIH<\/jats:styled-content> patients with CEHAID<\/jats:styled-content> were more often women (85.2% vs 76.1%, P<\/jats:italic>=.008), had higher post\u2010treatment IAIHG<\/jats:styled-content> score (22 vs 20, P<\/jats:italic><.001), less reactivity to smooth muscle antibodies (49.8% vs 65%, P<\/jats:italic><.001), more likely to have mild fibrosis at diagnosis (20.9% vs 6.5%, P<\/jats:italic><.001) and less often had ascites (6.3% vs 13.6%, P<\/jats:italic>=.008) and coagulopathy (1.18 vs 1.27, P<\/jats:italic>=.013) at presentation. Presence of CEHAID<\/jats:styled-content>, however, did not significantly affect disease progression, prognosis and survival in AIH<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Our study confirms the strong association of CEHAID<\/jats:styled-content> with AIH<\/jats:styled-content>. Association between personal and familial extrahepatic autoimmunity especially among first\u2010degree relatives was evident. Presence of CEHAID<\/jats:styled-content> may influence clinical phenotype of AIH<\/jats:styled-content> at presentation, but without notable impact on the long\u2010term clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,19]],"date-time":"2016-08-19T14:52:37Z","timestamp":1471618357000},"page":"449-457","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Concurrent extrahepatic autoimmunity in autoimmune hepatitis: implications for diagnosis, clinical course and long\u2010term outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Guan\u2010Wee","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Liver Studies King's College Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Yeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Brighton and Sussex Medical School Brighton 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