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The aim of this study was to assess the associations of gender and female age 50 [a proxy of menopause] with histological features of liver injury in 212 adults enrolled in the Drug\u2010Induced Liver Injury Network (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DILIN<\/jats:styled-content>) registry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>All participants had a causality score of at least \u2018probable\u2019, a liver biopsy within 30\u00a0days of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DILI<\/jats:styled-content> onset, and no prior chronic liver disease. Biochemical and histological injury types were classified as hepatocellular or cholestatic\/mixed injury. The cohort was divided into three gender\/age categories: men (41.0%), women &lt;50\u00a0years (27.4%) and women \u226550\u00a0years of age (31.6%). Interaction of gender and age category (\u226550 or not) was assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hepatocellular injury was more prevalent in women &lt;50\u00a0years vs. others (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=.002). After adjusting for biochemical injury types, black race and possible ageing effects, more severe interface hepatitis was noted in biopsies of women &lt;50\u00a0years compared to those of men and women \u226550\u00a0years (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=.009 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=.055 respectively). Compared to those of men, biopsies of women showed greater plasma cell infiltration, hepatocyte apoptosis, hepatocyte rosettes and lobular disarray but less iron\u2010positive hepatocytes and histological cholestasis (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;.05). These associations persisted after excluding cases of amoxicillin\/clavulanic acid, anabolic steroids or nitrofurantoin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DILI<\/jats:styled-content> which showed gender\u2010specific distributions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gender and a proxy of menopause were associated with various features of inflammation and injury in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DILI<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,5]],"date-time":"2017-02-05T08:26:38Z","timestamp":1486283198000},"page":"1723-1730","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Associations of gender and a proxy of female menopausal status with histological features of drug\u2010induced liver injury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1824-1067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayako","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Duke University  Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiman","family":"Barnhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Clinical Research Institute  Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiezhun","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Clinical Research Institute  Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herbert L.","family":"Bonkovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section on Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology Wake Forest University School of Medicine  Winston\u2010Salem NC USA"},{"name":"University of North Carolina  Chapel Hill NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans L.","family":"Tillmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Brody School of Medicine East Carolina University  Greenville NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Fontana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology University of Michigan Medical Center  Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Kleiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology National Cancer Institute  Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Drug\u2010induced Liver Injury Network 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