{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T18:40:11Z","timestamp":1776364811217,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,31]],"date-time":"2018-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background &amp; aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Acute episodes of renal dysfunction or acute kidney injury (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AKI<\/jats:styled-content>) in cirrhotic patients with ascites are mostly precipitated by an acute event. The prevalence of un\u2010precipitated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AKI<\/jats:styled-content> in stable ascitic cirrhotic patients is unknown. The aims of this study were to determine (i) the prevalence of un\u2010precipitated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AKI<\/jats:styled-content> in stable cirrhotics with ascites and (ii) any predictive factors for its development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1115 stable cirrhotic patients with mild liver and renal dysfunction but varying degrees of ascites severity from 3 previous satavaptan vs placebo randomized controlled trials (Group A, ascites requiring diuretics but not paracentesis; Group B, ascites requiring frequent paracentesis; Group C, refractory ascites) were included. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AKI<\/jats:styled-content> was diagnosed when there was either an increase of \u22650.3\u00a0mg\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dL<\/jats:styled-content> in \u226448\u00a0hours or a 50% increase in serum creatinine, and staged according to the fold increase of the serum creatinine. Two serum creatinine levels measured maximally 7\u00a0days apart at screening and at randomization of the satavaptan studies with no acute intervening events were used.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of un\u2010precipitated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AKI<\/jats:styled-content> was 1.8% overall, with the prevalence rising with increasing severity of ascites. Ninety\u2010five per cent of cases were stage 1, with 15% progression rate, 3 reaching the severity of type 1 acute hepatorenal syndrome. Ascites severity was the most powerful predictor for un\u2010precipitated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AKI<\/jats:styled-content> development, which did not predict overall mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased prevalence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AKI<\/jats:styled-content> with more severe ascites despite minimal baseline liver and renal dysfunction suggests that frequent monitoring of renal function in these patients is mandatory.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13738","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,15]],"date-time":"2018-03-15T10:31:18Z","timestamp":1521109878000},"page":"1785-1792","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Un\u2010precipitated acute kidney injury is uncommon among stable patients with cirrhosis and ascites"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9263-8869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florence","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Toronto General Hospital University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Jepsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hugh","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanofi\u2010Aventis R &amp; D  Marcy l'Etoile France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hendrik","family":"Vilstrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-301255"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.08.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i42.15499"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2015.174"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000444553"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"253","article-title":"Diagnosing and treating renal disease in cirrhotic patients","volume":"62","author":"Wong F","year":"2016","journal-title":"Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.04.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2014.338"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22083"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2015030261"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21920"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-308874"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-300157"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2010.02272.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199603143341104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"1310","article-title":"Diagnosis, prevention and treatment of hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis","volume":"56","author":"Salerno F","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22605"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2017.122"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50447"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1665-2681(19)31600-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000052"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.11.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20993"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.24049"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25735"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.04.036"}],"container-title":["Liver International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fliv.13738","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/liv.13738","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T18:15:27Z","timestamp":1694715327000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/liv.13738"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,31]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/liv.13738"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/liv.13738","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-3223","1478-3231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-3223","type":"print"},{"value":"1478-3231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-06-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-02-19","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-03-31","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}