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Subjects were divided by their body mass index into obese (body mass index \u226525\u00a0kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) and non\u2010obese (body mass index &lt;25\u00a0kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Observations in subjects with non\u2010obese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease were in between non\u2010obese controls and subjects with obese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease for body mass index, sagittal abdominal diameter, aminotransferase levels, insulin resistance and abdominal visceral adipose tissue area. There was no significant difference in histology between non\u2010obese and obese subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease except for lower grade of hepatic steatosis in nonobese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and higher severity of hepatic fibrosis in nonobese nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Predictors of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in nonobese subjects included females (odds ratio 2.49), higher alanine aminotransferase (odds ratio 1.03), lower high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (odds ratio 0.96), higher prevalence of diabetes (odds ratio 3.65) and higher visceral adipose tissue area (odds ratio 1.63 per standard deviation increase of visceral adipose tissue area) while age (odds ratio 1.04), higher aspartate aminotransferase (odds ratio 1.02), diabetes (odds ratio 2.76) and higher visceral adipose tissue area (odds ratio 1.57 per standard deviation increase) were associated with significant fibrosis in the non\u2010obese. Sagittal abdominal diameter was independently associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis or significant fibrosis among subjects with non\u2010obese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>While there were a few phenotypic differences from obese subjects, non\u2010obese subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease displayed a similar severity of histological liver damage. Potential factor(s) beyond obesity may play a role as non\u2010obese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease advances to more severe disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13983","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,9]],"date-time":"2018-10-09T06:50:15Z","timestamp":1539067815000},"page":"332-341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Predictors of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and significant fibrosis in non\u2010obese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1919-6800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donghee","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2926-1007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Won","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sae Kyung","family":"Joo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung Ho","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen A.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9313-577X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zobair M.","family":"Younossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Center for Liver Diseases Inova Fairfax Hospital Falls Church Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3609-8586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aijaz","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"S5","article-title":"The epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adults","volume":"40","author":"Clark JM","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R800089-JLR200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2008.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23314"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26156"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2016.08.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22350"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000573"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002159"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0265"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.8.2341"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2015.07.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2017.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01526.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2013.138"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","first-page":"i","article-title":"Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. 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