{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T03:18:16Z","timestamp":1771557496354,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,5]],"date-time":"2019-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005762","name":"National Taiwan University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NTUH.106-003347"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NTUH.106-003347"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005762","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Higher rates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) reinfection after viral clearance have been well described among HIV\u2010positive men who have sex with men (MSM) in Europe. The epidemiology of HCV reinfection, however, has rarely been investigated among HIV\u2010positive patients in Asia\u2010Pacific region.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively identified HIV\u2010positive patients with recent HCV infection who had cleared their primary infection, either spontaneously or via treatment, between January 2011 and May 2018. All included patients were observed until 31 March 2019. HCV reinfection was defined as recurrent HCV viraemia after achieving viral clearance with anti\u2010HCV treatment or after spontaneous clearance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the study period, 219 HIV\u2010positive patients (90.4% MSM) were diagnosed with recent HCV infection. Viral clearance with successful treatment was achieved in 108 patients (49.3%) and spontaneous clearance occurred in 20 (9.1%); of them, 18 (14.1%) acquired HCV reinfections, resulting in an incidence rate of 8.2 per 100 person\u2010years of follow\u2010up (95% CI 5.2\u201013.1). With the adjusted Cox proportional hazards model, we found a higher reinfection risk in patients with syphilis (adjusted hazard ratio 10.3, 95% CI 1.4\u201077.8, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.023) compared to those without syphilis. HCV RNA testing, if performed only following syphilis and elevated aminotransferases, might miss 44.4% and 33.3% of HCV reinfections, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Similar to the findings in Europe, we observed a high incidence of HCV reinfection among HIV\u2010positive Taiwanese with recent HCV infection, which was significantly associated with syphilis. To identify HCV reinfections, annual HCV RNA testing should be instituted instead of testing driven by symptoms, syphilis or elevated aminotransferases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]],"date-time":"2019-07-25T13:34:54Z","timestamp":1564061694000},"page":"1860-1867","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["HCV reinfections after viral clearance among HIV\u2010positive patients with recent HCV infection in Taiwan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Miao\u2010Hui","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6009-6724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sui\u2010Yuan","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen\u2010Hua","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aristine","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010Hsin","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen\u2010Chun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi\u2010Ching","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsin\u2010Yun","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7345-0836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chien\u2010Ching","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan"},{"name":"China Medical University Taichung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shan\u2010Chwen","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"WHO.Global hepatitis report 2017. 2017;http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/255016\/9789241565455-eng.pdf;jsessionxml:id=5AEE70E1C9E0857CD2CE190253F4663B?sequence=1. 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