{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T14:24:36Z","timestamp":1784298276451,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,20]],"date-time":"2019-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background &amp; Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic in Uzbekistan but the medical impact of infection with the HBV\u2010dependent hepatitis D virus (HDV) is unknown in the Country. An Hepatology Center was recently established at the Institute of Virology in Tashkent, which has set up a database enlisting patients with chronic viral liver disorders from all over Uzbekistan; it provides an observatory on the current scenario of viral hepatitis in the Country.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of HBV monoinfection, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and HDV superinfection on hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)\u2010positive cirrhosis was determined in 6589 patients with viral cirrhosis collected in the last 3\u00a0years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 1089, 1150 and 1455 carriers of the HBsAg with cirrhosis recruited in 2016, 2017 and 2018, 834 (76.5%), 926 (80.5%) and 1224 (84%) respectively, had antibody to the HDV. In 2016, 2017 and 2018, the prevalence of HDV infection has been 41%, 45% and 49.1% respectively, largely exceeding the prevalence of HBV monoinfection (12.5%, 11% and 9.3% respectively) and surpassing the prevalence of HCV in 2017 and 2018 (44% and 41.5% respectively). The median age of the patients with HDV cirrhosis was 39\u00a0years, distinctly lower than that of HBV and HCV patients (46 and 55).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Superinfection with the HDV is present in over 80% of the HBsAg\u2010positive cirrhosis in Uzbekistan. The HDV appears to be the major cause of advanced viral liver disease and of juvenile cirrhosis in the Country.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,10]],"date-time":"2019-09-10T17:24:16Z","timestamp":1568136256000},"page":"2077-2081","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["The medical impact of hepatitis D virus infection in Uzbekistan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Malika","family":"Khodjaeva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Virology Tashkent Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nargiz","family":"Ibadullaeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Virology Tashkent Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aziza","family":"Khikmatullaeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Virology Tashkent Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizaveta","family":"Joldasova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Virology Tashkent Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umed","family":"Ismoilov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepatology Center Institute of Virology Tashkent Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Colombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Research Center Humanitas Hospital Rozzano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gian Paolo","family":"Caviglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences University of Torino Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2704-8568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Rizzetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences University of Torino Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erkin","family":"Musabaev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Virology Tashkent Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"157","volume-title":"Progress in liver disease","author":"Smedile A","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"137","article-title":"Hepatitis D virus infection; Iran, Middle East and Central Asia","volume":"5","author":"Alavian SM","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepat Mon"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2005.03857.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28957"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"50","article-title":"Prognostic marker of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis B and D","volume":"5","author":"Abdukadirova M","year":"2018","journal-title":"European J Biomed Pharm Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23950\/1812-2892-JCMK-00388"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"141","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology features of HBV\/HDV co\u2010infection in Kyrgyzstan","volume":"6","author":"Semenov AV","year":"2016","journal-title":"Russian J Infec Imm"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(18)30056-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268813000940"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000050066"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","unstructured":"Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministry of Uzbekistan. #537 July 24 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","unstructured":"MaistatL KravchenkoN NikelsenT et al.Viral Hepatitis B and C in Eastern Europe and Central Asia: civil society response to the epidemic. 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