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In these countries, HEV genotypes 1 and 2 cause large outbreaks and affect young subjects, resulting in significant mortality in pregnant women and patients with cirrhosis. In the developed countries, HEV genotypes 3 and 4 are responsible for autochthonous, sporadic hepatitis and transmission is zoonotic. Parenteral transmission by the transfusion of blood products has been identified as a potential new mode of transmission. The prevalence of positive HEV viraemia in blood donors in Europe ranges from 1\/600 to 1\/2500 in highly endemic European countries. HEV can cause neurological disorders and chronic infections in immunocompromised patients. The progression of acute hepatitis E is usually asymptomatic and resolves spontaneously. Diagnostic tools include anti\u2010HEV IgM antibodies in serum and\/or viral RNA detection in the blood or the stools by PCR. Ribavirin is used to treat chronic infection. A vaccine has been developed in China.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]],"date-time":"2020-02-20T10:06:36Z","timestamp":1582193196000},"page":"43-47","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Hepatitis E, what\u2019s the real issue?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Larrue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service d\u2019h\u00e9patologie H\u00f4pital Rangueil CHU Toulouse Universit\u00e9 Paul Sabatier III Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1753-1065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florence","family":"Abravanel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Virologie H\u00f4pital Purpan CHU Toulouse Universit\u00e9 Paul Sabatier III Toulouse 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