{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T17:48:35Z","timestamp":1792432115806,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,9]],"date-time":"2021-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ramadan fasting is obligatory for Muslim healthy adults. However, there are many exemptions from fasting; including patients, whose diseases will be aggravated by fasting. Muslim patients with different liver diseases are frequently seen in the clinics discussing their intent to fast this month with their treating physicians. To answer our patients\u2019 inquiries about the expected benefits and\/or risks of fasting and delivering them the best care, we carried out this review and we draw advices and recommendations based on the available evidence. A web\u2010based search, combining multiple keywords representing different liver diseases with Ramadan fasting had been carried out. To answer the research question: Do adult Muslim patients with different liver diseases who fast the month of Ramadan have had a deleterious effect on their health in comparison to those who did not fast? Relevant publications were retrieved. No randomized controlled trials were focusing on Ramadan fasting and liver diseases in the filtered databases, eg Cochrane library. Consequently, non\u2010filtered databases, eg PubMed, Google Scholar and Egyptian Knowledge Bank searched and full\u2010text high\u2010quality research articles were carefully analysed to draw recommendations. Other relevant publications with low quality of evidence like case studies and short communications were also reviewed to address practice advices. Although Ramadan fasting was found beneficial for patients with NAFLD, it was found deleterious to patients with Child B and C cirrhosis and patients with peptic ulcer. Patients with chronic hepatitis, Child A cirrhosis and those with non\u2010complicated liver transplant can fast with prefasting assessment and strict follow up.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14775","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,28]],"date-time":"2020-12-28T18:41:25Z","timestamp":1609180885000},"page":"436-448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Ramadan fasting and liver diseases: A review with practice advices and recommendations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1504-7851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed H.","family":"Emara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and infectious diseases Kafrelsheikh University Kafr El\u2010Shikh Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5099-6158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanan H.","family":"Soliman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Tropical medicine and infectious diseases Department Tanta University Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3125-3740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"Elnadry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Hepato\u2010gastroenterology and infectious diseases Department Al\u2010Azhar University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3642-5073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ebada","family":"Mohamed Said","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Department Benha University Benha Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4366-2218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sherief","family":"Abd\u2010Elsalam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Tropical medicine and infectious diseases Department Tanta University Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7929-3333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hassan E.","family":"Elbatae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and infectious diseases Kafrelsheikh University Kafr El\u2010Shikh Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3846-0032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tarik I.","family":"Zaher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Department of Tropical Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7653-0006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shamardan","family":"Ezzeldin S. 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