{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T01:05:05Z","timestamp":1781917505657,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]],"date-time":"2022-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR\u201015\u2010IDEX\u201002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR\u201015\u2010IDEX\u201002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alcohol\u2010associated hepatocellular carcinoma (AL\u2010HCC) poor prognosis has been attributed to diagnosis at a later stage. However, host factors and specific health trajectories have been associated with severe outcomes in alcohol\u2010related liver disease. We hypothesize AL\u2010HCC is not a homogeneous condition but encompasses subgroups yielding different outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our aim was to provide a first attempt at a clinical phenotyping of AL\u2010HCC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analysed data for the calendar years 2007\u20132013 from the French nationwide administrative hospital database. We selected patients with AL\u2010HCC only. Clustering of AL\u2010HCC phenotypes was performed by latent class analysis (LCA).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study included 11\u2009363 patients with AL\u2010HCC, mainly male (89.6%), median age 67\u2009years [IQR: 61; 74] of which 71.2% had at least one metabolic comorbidity. Five phenotypes were identified. Phenotype 1 (41.4%) displayed high rates of unrecognized cirrhosis prior to HCC diagnosis (81%), low rates of metabolic comorbidities (diabetes 13%), and mostly compensated liver disease at HCC diagnosis while the four other phenotypes displayed high rates of metabolic comorbidities (diabetes up to 100%), various patterns of liver disease trajectories and overall 42% unrecognized cirrhosis. In adjusted survival analysis, compared to phenotype 1, risk of death after HCC diagnosis was significantly different for all phenotypes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>LCA uncovers AL\u2010HCC is a heterogeneous condition with distinct phenotypes yielding specific survival outcomes. Frequent unrecognized cirrhosis prior to HCC underlines the urgent need for implementing strategies to identify the underlying liver disease prior to HCC onset in patients with documented alcohol use disorders and metabolic comorbidities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,25]],"date-time":"2022-03-25T00:16:57Z","timestamp":1648167417000},"page":"1638-1647","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Alcohol\u2010related hepatocellular carcinoma is a heterogenous condition: Lessons from a latent class analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6115-8512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte E.","family":"Costentin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209\/CNRS UMR Grenoble Alpes University  Grenoble France"},{"name":"Hepatology, gastro\u2010enterology and digestive oncology Grenoble Alpes University Hospital  La Tronche France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e9lanie","family":"Minoves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HP2 Laboratory, INSERM U1300 and Grenoble Alpes University Hospital Grenoble Alpes University  Grenoble France"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Grenoble Alpes University Hospital  La Tronche France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvain","family":"Kotzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HP2 Laboratory, INSERM U1300 and Grenoble Alpes University Hospital Grenoble Alpes University  Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Farges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepato\u2010Biliary Surgery Department Beaujon Hospital  Clichy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Goutt\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM UMRS\u20101193, DHU H\u00e9patinov and Centre H\u00e9patobiliaire, Paul\u2010Brousse Hospital, Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris Villejuif Paris\u2010Saclay University et DHU H\u00e9patinov par FHU H\u00e9patinov  Villejuif France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0928-0048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Decaens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209\/CNRS UMR Grenoble Alpes University  Grenoble France"},{"name":"Hepatology, gastro\u2010enterology and digestive oncology Grenoble Alpes University Hospital  La Tronche France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Bailly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HP2 Laboratory, INSERM U1300 and Grenoble Alpes University Hospital Grenoble Alpes University  Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29670"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30010-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","volume-title":"Global status report on alcohol and health","author":"World Health Organization. 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