{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T21:42:55Z","timestamp":1792014175470,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]],"date-time":"2022-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background &amp; Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) may suffer from complaints such as pruritus, right upper abdominal quadrant pain (RUQ\u2010A) and fatigue. However, the severity of these complaints, daily and\/or seasonal patterns and other factors of influence in PSC are largely unknown. The aim of this study is to assess daily symptoms and patterns thereof in PSC patients in their natural setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A mobile application was designed according to the experience sampling method. Push notifications with a response time of max 4\u2009h were sent during tiers of 3\u2009months. Questions comprised VAS scales on degree of pruritus, fatigue, RUQ\u2010A, time of the day these symptoms were worst, as well as time of intake of medication. Linear mixed modelling was used to identify patient\u2010 and external factors associated with pruritus, fatigue and RUQ\u2010A pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 6713 questionnaires were completed by 137 patients. Fatigue was the most prevalent symptom among PSC patients being reported in a striking 71% of measurements, followed by pruritus (38%). Both increased during the day and were associated with longer disease duration. A highly significant correlation between pruritus and day temperature was observed (\u03c1\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.14,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u2009.000), and itch was generally worse during winter (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u2009.000). Patient preference for the tool was high.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pruritus and fatigue are prevalent symptoms in the daily life of PSC patients and show a distinct diurnal pattern. This may have implications for efficient dosing of anti\u2010pruritic agents. The level of pruritus is highly correlated with day temperature, which may have several implications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,9]],"date-time":"2022-04-09T04:20:02Z","timestamp":1649478002000},"page":"1562-1570","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Symptom patterns in the daily life of\n                    <scp>PSC<\/scp>\n                    patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7019-5083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kim N.","family":"van Munster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0750-8790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcel G. W.","family":"Dijkgraaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Unit, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1779-0833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronald P. J.","family":"Oude Elferink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tytgat Laboratory for Liver and Intestinal Diseases Amsterdam University Medical Centers University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5114-7799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulrich","family":"Beuers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5203-0453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cyriel Y.","family":"Ponsioen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-015-4013-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.07.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.38.4.610"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12775"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"497","article-title":"Cholestatic liver diseases and health\u2010related quality of life","volume":"95","author":"Younossi ZM","year":"2000","journal-title":"Elsevier"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2012.01.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.12978"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D\u00fcllMM KremerAE.Treatment of pruritus secondary to liver disease.2019;21:1\u20109. doi:10.1007\/s11894-019-0713-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-019-0713-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2010.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25748"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840110526"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.44116.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17933"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520410003434"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2018.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.65.6.941"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291711002200"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-198709000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(96)80293-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-3344"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-017-0200-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/JID.2015.388"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2015.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01056-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","unstructured":"CsikszentmihalyiM.Handbook of Research Methods for Studying Daily Life.2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091415"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14644"}],"container-title":["Liver International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/liv.15271","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/liv.15271","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/liv.15271","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]],"date-time":"2023-11-06T00:05:12Z","timestamp":1699229112000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/liv.15271"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/liv.15271"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/liv.15271","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-3223","1478-3231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-3223","type":"print"},{"value":"1478-3231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-01-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-04-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-04-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}