{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T16:56:27Z","timestamp":1790096187231,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,12]],"date-time":"2022-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014450","name":"Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014450","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background &amp; Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with advanced cirrhosis often have immune dysfunction and are more susceptible to infections. Galectin\u20103 is a \u03b2\u2010galactoside\u2010binding lectin implicated in inflammation, immune regulation and liver fibrosis. We aim to investigate galectin\u20103 expression in advanced cirrhosis and its ability to predict post\u2010transplant infectious complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We collected sera and liver samples from 129 cirrhotic patients at the time of liver transplantation and from an external cohort of 37 patients with alcoholic liver disease including alcoholic hepatitis (AH) at the time of diagnosis. Galectin\u20103 was assessed by ELISA, real\u2010time PCR, immunohistochemistry and RNA\u2010seq. Receiver operating characteristic curves and Cox proportional\u2010hazards regression analysis were performed to assess the predictive power of galectin\u20103 for disease severity and post\u2010transplant infections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased galectin\u20103 levels were found in advanced cirrhosis. Galectin\u20103 significantly correlated with disease severity parameters and inflammatory markers. Galectin\u20103 had significant discriminating power for compensated and advanced cirrhosis (AUC\u00a0=\u00a00.78\/0.84, circulating\/liver galectin\u20103; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u2009.01), and was even higher to discriminate severe AH (AUC\u00a0=\u00a00.95, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u2009.0001). Cox Proportional\u2010hazard model showed that galectin\u20103, MELD\u2010Na and the presence of SIRS predict the development of post\u2010transplant infectious complications. Patients with circulating galectin\u20103 (&gt;16.58\u2009ng\/ml) were at 2.19\u2010fold 95% CI (1.12\u20134.29) increased risk, but when combined with MELD\u2010Na\u2009&gt;\u200920.0 and SIRS, the risk to develop post\u2010transplant infectious complications, increased to 4.60, 95% CI (2.38\u20138.90).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Galectin\u20103 is a novel biological marker of active inflammation and disease severity that could be clinically useful alone or in combination with other scores to discriminate advanced cirrhosis and predict post\u2010transplant infectious complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]],"date-time":"2022-05-30T14:34:11Z","timestamp":1653921251000},"page":"2260-2273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Galectin\u20103 is overexpressed in advanced cirrhosis and predicts post\u2010liver transplant infectious complications"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7791-0489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Cervantes\u2010Alvarez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n  Mexico City Mexico"},{"name":"PECEM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1175-3126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathaly","family":"Limon\u2010de la Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n  Mexico City 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