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Then, the associations with a <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> value of &lt;.05 were further validated by two\u2010sample Mendelian randomization studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 37 cohort studies covering more than 34\u2009558 patients were included, and we observed an increased risk of overall cancers (pooled RR\u00a0=\u00a03.64, 95% CI: 2.64\u20135.03, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and cancer\u2010related death (pooled RR\u00a0=\u00a02.48, 95% CI: 1.73\u20133.53, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) for patients with AiLD. Besides, overall and several site\u2010specific cancers risk were found in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). However, associations between genetically predisposed AIH, PBC, and PSC and the risk of specific cancers did not reach a significant level, except for PBC and gastric cancer (OR\u00a0=\u00a00.96, 95% CI: 0.93\u20130.99; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.02).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In addition to hepatobiliary cancer, results from the meta\u2010analyses suggest that patients with AiLD might have an increased risk of several extrahepatobiliary cancers. However, the causal role of AiLD in cancer development needs to be further investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T12:56:35Z","timestamp":1656680195000},"page":"2216-2226","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Causal effect of autoimmune liver diseases on cancer: Meta\u2010analyses of cohort studies and Mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4404-8423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongqing","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Management Chongqing Medical University  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yutong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Management Chongqing Medical University  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9325-3194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan 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