{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T07:32:59Z","timestamp":1789543979942,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005062","name":"Fujirebio Europe","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low anti\u2010HBc serum levels at the time of therapy cessation were linked to a higher relapse risk in predominantly HBeAg\u2010positive cohorts. We investigated the association of anti\u2010HBc levels with relapse in HBeAg\u2010negative patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum levels of anti\u2010HBc, HBsAg and HBcrAg were determined in 136 HBeAg\u2010negative patients, participating in a vaccination trial (ABX\u2010203, NCT02249988), before treatment cessation or vaccination. Importantly, vaccination showed no impact on relapse. The correlation between the biomarkers and their predictive value for relapse (HBV DNA &gt;2000\u2009IU\/ml\u2009\u00b1\u2009ALT &gt;2xULN) was investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After therapy cessation 50% (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u200968) of patients relapsed. Median anti\u2010HBc prior to treatment stop was significantly higher among relapsers compared to off\u2010treatment responders (520\u2009IU\/ml vs. 330\u2009IU\/mL, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.0098). The optimal anti\u2010HBc cut\u2010off to predict relapse was 325\u2009IU\/ml according to the Youden\u2010Index. About 35% of patients with anti\u2010HBc level\u2009&lt;\u2009325\u2009IU\/ml versus 60% of those with values \u2265325\u2009IU\/mL relapsed (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.0103; sensitivity 50%, specificity 75%). Combining the optimal cut\u2010offs of HBsAg (&gt;3008\u2009IU\/mL) or HBcrAg (\u22651790\u2009U\/ml) with anti\u2010HBc increased the proportion of patients with relapse to 80% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u2009.0001) and 74% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.0006), respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In contrast to predominantly HBeAg\u2010positive cohorts, in our cohort of HBeAg\u2010negative patients lower anti\u2010HBc levels are associated with a significantly lower relapse risk after nucleos(t)ide analogue cessation. The vast majority of included patients were either genotype B or C and the applicability to other genotypes has to be further evaluated. However, anti\u2010HBc level as an indicator of the host response might be prospectively further explored for prediction models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,24]],"date-time":"2022-09-24T15:13:50Z","timestamp":1664032430000},"page":"2674-2682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Low anti\u2010<scp>HB<\/scp>c levels are associated with lower risk of virological relapse after nucleos(t)ide analogue cessation in <scp>HB<\/scp>e antigen\u2010negative patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2358-0100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valerie","family":"Ohlendorf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology Hannover Medical School  Hannover 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