{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T02:58:47Z","timestamp":1793761127469,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,5]],"date-time":"2023-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background &amp; Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fatty liver disease (FLD) is common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Here, we use non\u2010invasive tests to quantify liver injury in women with PCOS and analyse whether FLD\u2010associated genetic variants contribute to liver phenotypes in PCOS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospectively, we recruited women with PCOS and controls at two university centres in Germany and Poland. Alcohol abuse was regarded as an exclusion criterion. Genotyping of variants associated with FLD was performed using TaqMan assays. Liver stiffness measurements (LSM), controlled attenuation parameters (CAP) and non\u2010invasive HSI, FLI, FIB\u20104 scores were determined to assess hepatic steatosis and fibrosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 42 German (age range 18\u201353\u2009years) and 143 Polish (age range 18\u201340\u2009years) women with PCOS, as well as 245 German and 289 Polish controls\u00a0were recruited. In contrast to Polish patients, Germans were older, presented with more severe metabolic profiles and had significantly higher LSM (median 5.9\u2009kPa vs. 3.8\u2009kPa). In the German cohort, carriers of the <jats:italic>PNPLA3<\/jats:italic> p.I148M risk variant had an increased LSM (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.01). In the Polish cohort, the minor <jats:italic>MTARC1<\/jats:italic> allele was linked with significantly lower serum aminotransferases activities, whereas the <jats:italic>HSD17B13<\/jats:italic> polymorphism was associated with lower concentrations of 17\u2010OH progesterone, total testosterone, and androstenedione (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>FLD is common in women with PCOS. Its extent is modulated by both genetic and metabolic risk factors. Genotyping of variants associated with FLD might help to stratify the risk of liver disease progression in women suffering from PCOS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]],"date-time":"2023-01-23T09:01:08Z","timestamp":1674464468000},"page":"1080-1088","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Liver phenotypes in <scp>PCOS<\/scp>: Analysis of exogenous and inherited risk factors for liver injury in two European cohorts"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Wiktor","family":"Smyk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medical University of Gdansk  Gdansk Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ifigeneia","family":"Papapostoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University  Homburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"\u017borniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Oncology Center for Postgraduate Medical Education  Warsaw Poland"},{"name":"Department of Oncological Gastroenterology Maria Sklodowska\u2010Curie National Research Institute of Oncology  Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Sklavounos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University  Homburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Blukacz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice Medical University of Silesia in Katowice  Katowice Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Madej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice Medical University of Silesia in Katowice  Katowice Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreani","family":"Koutsou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University  Homburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne N.","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University  Homburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettina","family":"Friesenhahn\u2010Ochs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University  Homburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4917-8526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maciej","family":"Cebula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Katowice Medical University of Silesia in Katowice  Katowice Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Bosowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Katowice Medical University of Silesia in Katowice  Katowice Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erich\u2010Franz","family":"Solomayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University  Homburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5301-8931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marek","family":"Hartleb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine in Katowice Medical University of Silesia in Katowice  Katowice Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1817-0724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Milkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver and Internal Medicine Unit Medical University of Warsaw  Warsaw Poland"},{"name":"Translational Medicine Group Pomeranian Medical University  Szczecin Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4450-7201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank","family":"Lammert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University  Homburg Germany"},{"name":"Hannover Medical School  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3861-254X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline S.","family":"Stokes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food and Health Research Group, Faculty of Life Sciences Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Toxicology German Institute of Human Nutrition  Potsdam\u2010Rehbr\u00fccke Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0113-0777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcin","family":"Krawczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University  Homburg Germany"},{"name":"Laboratory of Metabolic Liver Diseases, Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery Medical University of Warsaw  Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.05.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.01.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(20)30357-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S362424"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002542"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20112841"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2015-1104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-11-133"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.02.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.P067454"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(18)30154-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10112719"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.12.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medj.2021.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-03521-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1712191"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2003.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-103952"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2017.12.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.01.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-6-33"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2009.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21178"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-86697-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.10.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29273"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2017.64.15.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1955"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14411"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.11.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14304"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2018.07.003"}],"container-title":["Liver International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/liv.15527","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/liv.15527","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/liv.15527","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]],"date-time":"2023-12-13T02:19:26Z","timestamp":1702433966000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/liv.15527"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,5]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/liv.15527"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/liv.15527","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-3223","1478-3231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-3223","type":"print"},{"value":"1478-3231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-08-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-01-19","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-02-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}