{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:08:36Z","timestamp":1787501316201,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,7]],"date-time":"2023-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is considered an important public health challenge. Traditionally identified risk factors have undergone an epidemiological transition where other risk factors have become the main cause of new infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe risk factors associated to hepatitis C positivity through the evaluation of the epidemiological profile in hepatitis\u2010C high\u2010risk populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional study was conducted as part of an HCV screening program in Mexican population. All participants answered an HCV risk\u2010factor questionnaire and took a rapid test (RT). All patients reactive to the test were subject to HCV PCR (polymerase chain reaction) confirmation. A logistic regression model was used to examine associations between HCV infection and risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 297\u2009631 participants that completed a risk factor questionnaire and underwent an HCV rapid test (RT). In total, 12\u2009840 (4.5%) were reactive to RT and 9257 (3.2% of participants) were confirmed as positives by PCR test. Of these, 72.9% had at least one risk factor and 10.8% were in prison. Most common risk factors were history of acupuncture\/tattooing\/piercing (21%), intravenous drug use (15%) and high\u2010risk sexual practices (12%). Logistic regressions found that having at least one risk factor increased the probability of having an HCV\u2010positive result by 20% (OR\u2009=\u20091.20, 95% CI: 1.15\u20131.26), compared to the population without risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified 3.2% of HCV\u2010viremic subjects, all associated with risk factors and older age. Screening and diagnosis of HCV in high\u2010risk populations (including underserved populations) should be more efficient.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15570","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,7]],"date-time":"2023-04-07T04:03:52Z","timestamp":1680840232000},"page":"1225-1233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Hepatitis C screening and detection program in a large population: Epidemiological transition and characterization of the disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Kershenobich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n \u201cSalvador Zubir\u00e1n\u201d  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1862-7541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatima","family":"Higuera\u2010de\u2010la\u00a0Tijera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hospital General de M\u00e9xico \u201cDr. Eduardo Liceaga\u201d  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nayelli","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n \u201cSalvador Zubir\u00e1n\u201d  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1288-888X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eira","family":"Cerda\u2010Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Central Militar  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7511-5396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Graciela","family":"Castro\u2010Narro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n \u201cSalvador Zubir\u00e1n\u201d  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillermo","family":"Aceves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hospital General del Estado de Sonora  Hermosillo Sonora Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodolfo","family":"Ruiz\u2010Lujan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectology Hospital General de Mexicali  Mexicali Baja California Norte Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvador","family":"Ramos\u2010Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISSSTECALI  Mexicali Baja California Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesus","family":"Linares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mercurio Comunicaci\u00f3n SA de CV  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amilcar","family":"Azamar\u2010Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Value &amp; Access, Gilead Sciences Inc.  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