{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T09:03:43Z","timestamp":1768727023074,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,17]],"date-time":"2023-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694908800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The path to hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination is complicated by individuals who become lost to follow\u2010up (LTFU) during care, particularly before receiving effective HCV treatment. We aimed to determine factors contributing to LTFU and whether LTFU is associated with mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this secondary analysis, we constructed a database including individuals with HCV who were either LTFU (data from the nationwide HCV retrieval project, CELINE) or treated with directly acting antivirals (DAA) (data from Statistics Netherlands) between 2012 and 2019. This database was linked to mortality data from Statistics Netherlands. Determinants associated with being LTFU versus DAA\u2010treated were assessed using logistic regression, and mortality rates were compared between groups using exponential survival models. These analyses were additionally stratified on calendar periods: 2012\u20132014, 2015\u20132017 and 2018\u20132019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>About 254 individuals, LTFU and 5547 DAA\u2010treated were included. Being institutionalized (OR\u2009=\u20095.02, 95% confidence interval (CI)\u2009=\u20093.29\u20137.65), household income below the social minimum (OR\u2009=\u20091.96, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.25\u20133.06), receiving benefits (OR\u2009=\u20091.74, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.20\u20132.52) and psychiatric comorbidity (OR\u2009=\u20091.51, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.09\u20132.10) were associated with LTFU. Mortality rates were significantly higher in individuals LTFU compared to those DAA\u2010treated (2.99 vs. 1.15\/100 person\u2010years (PY), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001), while in those DAA\u2010treated, mortality rates slowly increased between 2012\u20132014 (.22\/100PY) and 2018\u20132019 (2.25\/100PY).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the Netherlands, individuals who are incarcerated\/institutionalized, with low household income, or with psychiatric comorbidities are prone to being LTFU, which is associated with higher mortality. HCV care needs to be adapted for these vulnerable individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15729","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T05:29:31Z","timestamp":1695014971000},"page":"52-60","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Socio\u2010economic factors associated with loss to follow\u2010up among individuals with <scp>HCV<\/scp>: A Dutch nationwide cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9092-0481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marleen","family":"van Dijk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Radboud University Medical Centre  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9512-8928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anders","family":"Boyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centre University of Amsterdam and Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Stichting HIV Monitoring  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Research and Prevention Public Health Service of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7687-4036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylvia M.","family":"Brakenhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus MC University Medical Centre  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0999-2336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cas J.","family":"Isfordink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centre University of Amsterdam and Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Medical Centre Utrecht  Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosan A.","family":"van Zoest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark D.","family":"Verhagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam Health &amp; Technology Institute  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0934-6975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert J.","family":"de Knegt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus MC University Medical Centre  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8027-3073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joost P. 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