{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T19:06:20Z","timestamp":1792609580528,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is common and closely associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We assessed the prevalence of NAFLD\/MASLD in the general population and among patients with T2D in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We searched PubMed and Embase for English\u2010language articles published between 1990 and 2023 according to PRISMA. Each country's NAFLD\/MASLD prevalence in the general population and in T2D patients was predicted by using a multivariable meta regression model. Input data were extracted from our systematic review, GBD and NCD Risk Factor Collaboration. Confidence intervals were constructed by using prediction intervals with the delta method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Meta\u2010analytic pooling estimated the prevalence of NAFLD\/MASLD as 39.43% in the general population and 68.71% among T2D patients. NAFLD\/MASLD prevalence has increased from 35.42% (2008\u20132016) to 46.20% (2017\u20132020). Using GBD\u20102019 dataset, it was predicted that there are 141.51 million cases of NAFLD\/MASLD in the MENA region. The highest number of NAFLD\/MASLD cases were expected in Egypt (25.71 million), followed by T\u00fcrkiye (23.33 million) and Iran (19.85 million). Estimated NAFLD prevalence exceeded 40% in 10 of 21 countries with the top countries being Kuwait (45.37%), Egypt (45.0%), Qatar (44.4%), and Jordan (43.3%). Furthermore, it was predicted that there are 24.96 million cases of NAFLD\/MASLD with T2D in the MENA region.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the MENA region, prevalence of NAFLD\/MASLD is very high and growing, necessitating an urgent need for regional public policy to deal with this growing burden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15852","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T07:10:03Z","timestamp":1706857803000},"page":"1061-1070","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":119,"title":["Prevalence of metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease in the Middle East and North Africa"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9313-577X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zobair M.","family":"Younossi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Global NASH Council Center for Outcomes Research in Liver Disease  Washington DC USA"},{"name":"Beatty Liver and Obesity Research Program Inova Health System  Falls Church Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9818-0983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pegah","family":"Golabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Global NASH Council Center for Outcomes Research in Liver Disease  Washington DC USA"},{"name":"Beatty Liver and Obesity Research Program Inova Health System  Falls Church Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2294-323X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Paik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Global NASH Council Center for Outcomes Research in Liver Disease  Washington DC USA"},{"name":"Beatty Liver and Obesity Research Program Inova Health System  Falls Church Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8329-6748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soroor","family":"Owrangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beatty Liver and Obesity Research Program Inova Health System  Falls Church Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4518-5283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusuf","family":"Yilmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Global NASH Council Center for Outcomes Research in Liver Disease  Washington DC USA"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan University  Rize Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3396-6894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"El\u2010Kassas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Global NASH Council Center for Outcomes Research in Liver Disease  Washington DC USA"},{"name":"Department of Endemic Medicine, Faculty in Medicine Helwan University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6968-950X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khalid","family":"Alswat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Global NASH Council Center for Outcomes Research in Liver Disease  Washington DC USA"},{"name":"Liver Disease Research Center, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine King Saud University  Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2017-3526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saleh A.","family":"Alqahtani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Global NASH Council Center for Outcomes Research in Liver Disease  Washington DC USA"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Organ Transplant Center of Excellence King Faisal Specialist Hospital &amp; Research Center  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2023-330110"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"YounossiZ GolabiP PriceJK et\u00a0al.A rapid rise in the global prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis among patients with type 2 diabetes. Presented at American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) Boston MA USA November 10\u201014 2023 p. s911. doi:10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000580","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003386698-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17158"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(22)00165-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HC9.0000000000000251"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1573399820666230731105704"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v12.i9.1401"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/sjg.SJG_122_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000533301"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.642509"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/XEB.0000000000000054"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780140406"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1482"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/75.2.383"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v036.i03"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32129-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1957.10501404"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","unstructured":"MENA Generation 2030.April 30 2019. 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