{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:34:28Z","timestamp":1792510468267,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background &amp; Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic hepatitis D virus (HDV) often leads to end\u2010stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Comprehensive data pertaining to large populations with HDV and HCC are missing, therefore we sought to assess the characteristics, management, and outcome of these patients, comparing them to patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analysed the Italian Liver Cancer database focusing on patients with positivity for HBV surface antigen and anti\u2010HDV antibodies (HBV\/HDV, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009107) and patients with HBV infection alone (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009588). Clinical and oncological characteristics, treatment, and survival were compared in the two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with HBV\/HDV had worse liver function [Model for End\u2010stage Liver Disease score: 11 vs. 9, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001; Child\u2010Turcotte\u2010Pugh score: 7 vs. 5, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001] than patients with HBV. HCC was more frequently diagnosed during surveillance (72.9% vs. 52.4%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.0002), and the oncological stage was more frequently Milan\u2010in (67.3% vs. 52.7%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.005) in patients with HBV\/HDV. Liver transplantation was more frequently performed in HBV\/HDV than in HBV patients (36.4% vs. 9.5%), while the opposite was observed for resection (8.4% vs. 20.1%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001), and in a competing risk analysis, HBV\/HDV patients had a higher probability of receiving transplantation, independently of liver function and oncological stage. A trend towards longer survival was observed in patients with HBV\/HDV (50.4 vs. 44.4\u2009months, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.106).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In patients with HBV\/HDV, HCC is diagnosed more frequently during surveillance, resulting in a less advanced cancer stage in patients with more deranged liver function than HBV alone. Patients with HBV\/HDV have a heightened benefit from liver transplantation, positively influencing survival.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T09:24:53Z","timestamp":1709285093000},"page":"1588-1599","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Characteristics and outcome of anti\u2010hepatitis D virus positive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8526-837X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edoardo G.","family":"Giannini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1791-4506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Pasta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1502-916X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Pieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4257-1058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Corina","family":"Plaz\u00a0Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariarosaria","family":"Marseglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary Diseases and Immunoallergology University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria di Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Pelizzaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Gastroenterology Unit University of Padua  Padua Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9996-9385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelo","family":"Sangiovanni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale maggiore Policlinico and C.R.C. \u201cA.M. &amp; A. Migliavacca Center for Liver Disease\u201d  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0946-3859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Cabibbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion, Mother &amp; Child Care, Internal Medicine &amp; Medical Specialties, PROMISE, Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology Unit University of Palermo  Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Ghittoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit Belcolle Hospital  Viterbo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariella","family":"Di\u00a0Marco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Unit Bolognini Hospital  Seriate Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco 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of Messina  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3842-782X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Campani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Svegliati\u2010Baroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Injury and Transplant Unit Polytechnic University of Marche  Ancona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4863-6924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Gasbarrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit, CEMAD \u2013 Centro Malattie dell'Apparato Digerente, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico 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