{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T12:45:47Z","timestamp":1791549947938,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background &amp; Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Following the classification of metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has recently been redefined again as metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, the distinctions in characteristics and mortality outcomes between NAFLD, MAFLD and MASLD remain unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analysed data from 7519 participants in the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys of United States (US) and their linked mortality until 2019. Survey weight\u2010adjusted multivariable Cox proportional model was used to study the mortality over three terms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of NAFLD, MAFLD and MASLD was 18.5%, 19.3% and 20.8%, respectively. Most individuals with NAFLD (94.5%) or MAFLD (100%) can be classified as MASLD, while a relatively low percentage of those with MASLD were also diagnosed with either NAFLD (84.1%) or MAFLD (92.7%). During a median follow\u2010up of 26.9\u2009years, both MAFLD and MASLD were associated with increased risk of all\u2010cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.18, 95% CI 1.04\u20131.33 and 1.19, 1.06\u20131.34, respectively), this association was mainly observed in NAFLD\u2212\/MASLD+ subgroups. NAFLD was not associated with all\u2010cause mortality. However, all three terms were associated with an increased risk of all\u2010cause mortality in individuals with advanced fibrosis (aHR: 1.71\u20131.81). Subgroup analyses showed that higher risk of all\u2010cause mortality for both MAFLD and MASLD were observed among older adults (\u226565\u2009year), non\u2010Hispanic whites and those without diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both MASLD and MALFD were linked to higher all\u2010cause mortality risk, but MASLD identified a greater number of individuals compared to MAFLD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15856","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T04:34:41Z","timestamp":1706675681000},"page":"1051-1060","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":105,"title":["Comparison of\n                    <scp>NAFLD<\/scp>\n                    ,\n                    <scp>MAFLD<\/scp>\n                    and\n                    <scp>MASLD<\/scp>\n                    characteristics and mortality outcomes in United States adults"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Rui","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology The Seventh People's Hospital of Chongqing  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingzhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahe","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7951-3295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","first-page":"76","article-title":"Non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease: growing burden, adverse outcomes and associations","volume":"8","author":"Kumar R","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Transl Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000520"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.08.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000586"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.07.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.08.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17631"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","unstructured":"National Center for Health Statistics CfDCaP.Analytic and reporting guidelines: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey NHANES III (1988\u201394).1996; 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