{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T17:20:01Z","timestamp":1785777601806,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]],"date-time":"2024-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent observational studies examining the association between <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> infection and the risk of metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) have reported conflicting results. We performed a meta\u2010analysis to quantify the magnitude of the association between <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection and the risk of MASLD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We systematically searched three large electronic databases to identify eligible observational studies (published up to 30 November 2023) in which liver biopsy, imaging methods or blood\u2010based biomarkers\/scores were used for diagnosing MASLD. Data from selected studies were extracted, and meta\u2010analysis was performed using common and random\u2010effects modelling. Statistical heterogeneity among published studies, subgroup analyses, meta\u2010regression analyses and publication bias were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 28 observational studies (24 cross\u2010sectional and 4 longitudinal studies) were identified, including 231\u2009291 middle\u2010aged individuals of predominantly Asian ethnicity (~95%). Meta\u2010analysis of cross\u2010sectional studies showed that <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection was significantly associated with a small\u00a0increase in the risk of prevalent MASLD (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200924 studies; random\u2010effects odds ratio 1.11, 95% CI 1.05\u20131.18; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200963%). Meta\u2010analysis of data from longitudinal studies showed that <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection was significantly associated with an increased risk of developing incident MASLD over a mean 5\u2010year follow\u2010up (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094 studies; random\u2010effects odds ratio 1.20, 95%CI 1.08\u20131.33; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200944%). Sensitivity analyses did not modify these results. The funnel plot did not reveal any significant publication bias.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection is associated with a mildly increased risk of prevalent and incident MASLD. Further well\u2010designed prospective and mechanistic studies are required to better decipher the complex link between <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection and the risk of MASLD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15925","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]],"date-time":"2024-04-03T12:54:34Z","timestamp":1712148874000},"page":"1513-1525","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Relationship between <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> infection and risk of metabolic <scp>dysfunction\u2010associated<\/scp> steatotic liver disease: An\u00a0updated meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7271-6329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Mantovani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine University and Azienda 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Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Pecoraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona  Verona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Gobbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Tropical Diseases and Microbiology IRCCS Sacro Cuore \u2013 Don Calabria Hospital  Negrar di Valpolicella Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences University of Brescia  Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeno","family":"Bisoffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Tropical Diseases and Microbiology IRCCS Sacro Cuore \u2013 Don Calabria Hospital  Negrar di Valpolicella Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8909-0345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Valenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Medicine\u2010Biological Resource Center, Transfusion Medicine Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation University of Milan  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herbert","family":"Tilg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Medical University Innsbruck  Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher D.","family":"Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research, Southampton Biomedical Research Centre University 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