{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T21:06:00Z","timestamp":1791234360202,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Portal hypertension, gut barrier dysfunction, and pathological bacterial translocation are hallmarks of cirrhosis driving complications. As measuring gut barrier function is demanding, surrogate markers have been proposed, but their intercorrelation and applicability across different stages of advanced liver disease, particularly in acute\u2010on\u2010chronic liver failure (ACLF), are largely unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Proposed markers of gut barrier dysfunction and bacterial translocation were quantified in sera from 160 patients with cirrhosis across different disease stages of compensated and decompensated cirrhosis as well as from 20 patients in hepatic and portal vein serum before and after the insertion of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent (TIPS) using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Across all stages of liver disease, the gut\u2013vascular barrier (GVB) marker plasmalemma vesicle protein\u20101 (PV\u20101) correlated with bacterial translocation markers endogenous endotoxin\u2010core IgA antibodies (EndoCAb) and LPS\u2010binding protein (LBP) but not with intestinal damage markers intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I\u2010FABP) and zonulin\u2010family peptides (ZFP). PV\u20101 and EndoCAb were higher in decompensated cirrhosis without further increase in ACLF. Among investigated markers, only I\u2010FABP correlated with the portosystemic pressure gradient, and TIPS insertion significantly reduced portal concentrations within 24\u2009h. Higher PV\u20101 levels indicated poor transplant\u2010free survival in univariate and multivariable analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Surrogate markers of bacterial gut barrier dysfunction and bacterial translocation like ZFP, LBP and EndoCAb appear of limited use in advanced stages of cirrhosis and are confounded by hepatic synthesis capacity, portal congestion and acute phase responses. The prognostic implications of circulating PV\u20101 in decompensated cirrhosis levels demand further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.70119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T08:53:14Z","timestamp":1746175994000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Surrogate Markers of Intestinal Permeability, Bacterial Translocation and Gut\u2013Vascular Barrier Damage Across Stages of Cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Frederic","family":"Haedge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III University Hospital RWTH Aachen  Aachen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7696-475X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp 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