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The GI and hepatobiliary systems interact through the portal vein system and enterohepatic circulation, creating a gut\u2013liver axis that allows for a complex multidirectional interplay between immune, hormonal, dietary and environmental luminal factors that include the gut microbiota. This interaction may underlie the liver affection in autoimmune and immune\u2010mediated small bowel diseases through a variety of pathways that include autoimmune, metabolic, immune\u2010mediated, and\/or iatrogenic mechanisms. Despite evidence of a gut\u2013liver axis and co\u2010morbid liver associations with small bowel diseases, the clinical implications and how these conditions should be clinically managed remain unclear. In this narrative review, we describe the hepato\u2010biliary manifestations associated with chronic immune\u2010mediated enteropathies of the small bowel in adults, with particular focus on CeD and Crohn's disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.70206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T11:10:42Z","timestamp":1752837042000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Liver Involvement in Celiac Disease and Immune\u2010Mediated Diseases of the Small Bowel"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4450-2593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicoletta","family":"Nandi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico  Milano Italy"},{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano  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