{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T16:51:18Z","timestamp":1776271878264,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U22A20275"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U22A20275"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024M762435"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024M762435"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012152","name":"National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BX20230174"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BX20230174"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012152","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alcohol\u2010associated liver disease (ALD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) contribute significantly to the global disease burden, particularly in the Asia\u2010Pacific region. This study evaluated trends in ALD and AUD across 39 Asia\u2010Pacific countries from 1990 to 2021, with projections to 2040.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study analysed age\u2010standardised mortality, incidence, prevalence and disability\u2010adjusted life years (DALYs) rates for ALD and AUD using GBD 2021 data, assessing correlations with SDI. Joinpoint regression identified temporal trends and inflection points, while age\u2010period\u2010cohort modelling decomposed independent effects of age, period, and cohort. ARIMA models projected burdens from 2022 to 2040. Alcohol\u2010attributable risks were quantified via spatiotemporal regression and DisMod\u2010MR 2.1 modelling, with population attributable fractions (PAFs) estimating alcohol\u2010related disease burden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2021, the Southeast Asia (SEA) region exhibited a higher burden of alcohol\u2010associated cirrhosis compared to the Western Pacific (WP), with age\u2010standardised prevalence and mortality rates (ASPR and ASMR) exceeding global averages. Although the overall prevalence of AUD declined over the past three decades in both regions, notable fluctuations and periods of rebound were observed. In contrast, alcohol\u2010associated liver cancer showed a continuous upward trend, particularly in WP countries with higher sociodemographic indices (SDI). Age\u2010period\u2010cohort analysis showed cirrhosis peaking at 65\u201375\u2009years and AUD burden in both young adults and the elderly across SEA and WP, with a steady generational increase in alcohol\u2010associated liver cancer seen in SEA. Major risk factors included childhood sexual abuse for AUD, and high body mass index and smoking for liver cancer. By 2040, alcohol\u2010associated cirrhosis deaths may decline, but AUD and alcohol\u2010associated liver cancer burdens are projected to rise or stabilise, especially in males.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Targeted interventions and risk\u2010stratified management are needed to address the growing burden of alcohol\u2010associated liver diseases in the Asia\u2010Pacific.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.70221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T13:51:37Z","timestamp":1752069097000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Burden, Trends, and Projections of Alcohol\u2010Associated Liver Disease and Alcohol Use Disorder in the Asia\u2010Pacific Region 1990\u20132040"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Qicheng","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqian","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yizhong","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huaming","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Community Health Service Center of Zhenru Town  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziwen","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3739-8756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhi","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Automation Tsinghua University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Institute for Brain and Cognitive Sciences Tsinghua University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Hehu Technology  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6997-0214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changqing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","unstructured":"Global Information System on Alcohol and Health. 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