{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T05:12:01Z","timestamp":1790053921250,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775952000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cirrhosis favours infections that can lead to liver decompensation and death. Some of these infections can be prevented by vaccination. This study aimed to evaluate the immune response after HBV, pneumococcal, diphtheria, and tetanus vaccination in cirrhotic patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with cirrhosis were prescribed 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine, a tetanus\u2010diphtheria booster and\/or a 13\u2010valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine followed by a 23\u2010valent polysaccharide vaccine. HBs seroconversion was assessed 6\u2009months after the last booster dose. Antibody concentrations for seven pneumococcal serotypes, tetanus and diphtheria were measured by ELISA before (V0) and 4 to 6\u2009months after vaccination (V1).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 125 patients enrolled, 83 were analysed for HBs seroconversion, 119 for pneumococcal vaccine response and 117 for tetanus and diphtheria vaccine response. The anti\u2010HBs seroconversion rate was 31%. A doubling of the antibody was observed in 19% of cases for tetanus and in 26% of cases for diphtheria. For the pneumococcal vaccine, the global protection (at least 5 antibodies with a concentration \u2265\u20091.3\u2009mg\/L against the 7 serotypes of pneumococcus tested) increased from 39% before vaccination to 80% after vaccination. However, only 48% of patients had a 2\u2010fold increase in IgG antibody for at least five of the seven serotypes tested.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study highlights a weak response to the hepatitis B, tetanus, and diphtheria vaccines and an acceptable immunological response to the pneumococcal vaccine, although lower than in healthy subjects. There is a real need to optimise vaccination in cirrhotics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.70644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T04:10:49Z","timestamp":1776053449000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Hepatitis B Virus, Pneumococcal, Diphtheria, and Tetanus Vaccination Responses in Compensated Cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Vincent","family":"Haghnejad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00e9pato\u2010Gastroent\u00e9rologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nancy  Nancy France"},{"name":"INSERM U1256 NGERE Universit\u00e9 De Lorraine  Nancy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e9lissa","family":"Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00e9pato\u2010Gastroent\u00e9rologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nancy  Nancy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucie","family":"Chevrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plateforme D'immunomonitoring Vaccinal Service D'immunologie Biologique, H\u00f4pital Cochin, AP\u2010HP  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6861-236X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Jeulin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire De Virologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nancy  Nancy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabela","family":"Quilici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00e9pato\u2010Gastroent\u00e9rologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nancy  Nancy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Daude","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00e9pato\u2010Gastroent\u00e9rologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nancy  Nancy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mouni","family":"Bensenane\u2010Oussalah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00e9pato\u2010Gastroent\u00e9rologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nancy  Nancy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Jacquinot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00e9pato\u2010Gastroent\u00e9rologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nancy  Nancy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0290-4532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evelyne","family":"Schvoerer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire De Virologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nancy  Nancy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederic","family":"Batteux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plateforme D'immunomonitoring Vaccinal Service D'immunologie Biologique, H\u00f4pital Cochin, AP\u2010HP  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1631-500X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean Pierre","family":"Bronowicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00e9pato\u2010Gastroent\u00e9rologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nancy  Nancy France"},{"name":"INSERM U1256 NGERE Universit\u00e9 De Lorraine  Nancy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(19)30349-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00520-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.1942"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2021.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2023.100776"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-031070"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.290.6467.505"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/315245"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2022.101192"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.791147"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9629(15)40643-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.500040208"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-1345(98)00053-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2000.8313"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200104000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2012.05.071"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-1345(00)01816-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2008.09.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2000\/548206"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/196704"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-86702008000400009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/344271"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000000370"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(90)90218-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.351"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.24028"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.03002.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-011-1996-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2016.0741"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.12.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.24490"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.05.067"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026881800242X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez045"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s100960000305"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840040527"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7137a3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2003.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep27251"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.08.027"}],"container-title":["Liver International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/liv.70644","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/liv.70644","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/liv.70644","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T12:16:08Z","timestamp":1783426568000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/liv.70644"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/liv.70644"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/liv.70644","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-3223","1478-3231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-3223","type":"print"},{"value":"1478-3231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70644"}}