{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T18:33:52Z","timestamp":1774463632526,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,5]],"date-time":"2017-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1499212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003711","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 105\u20102314\u2010B\u2010006\u2010024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 105\u20102314\u2010B\u2010006\u2010024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["LUTS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the effect of high\u2010fat diet (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFD<\/jats:styled-content>) on bladder<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>1,3<\/jats:sub>muscarinic receptor expression and contractile function in the rat.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eight\u2010week\u2010old male rats were divided into two groups including one with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFD<\/jats:styled-content>for 8\u2009weeks (short\u2010term) and the other for 24\u2009weeks (long\u2010term). Each group was compared to age\u2010matched rats fed with normal chow as controls. The body weight, food intake amount and blood biochemistry were monitored. Bladder muscle contractile responses to acetylcholine (0.1\u201310\u2009\u03bcM), bethanechol (10\u2009\u03bcM) and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KCl<\/jats:styled-content>(50\u2009mM) were studied in an organ bath set\u2010up. Bladder<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>muscarinic receptor protein expressions were measured by<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">W<\/jats:styled-content>estern blotting analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increase in body weight as well as blood triglyceride, cholesterol and sugar levels compared to controls were noted in both 8\u2010 and 24\u2010week<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFD<\/jats:styled-content>rats. Eating appetite change with increased food and water intakes was noted in the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFD<\/jats:styled-content>rats. Significantly decreased bladder contractile responses to acetylcholine and bethanechol were shown in both<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFD<\/jats:styled-content>groups. On the other hand, decreased bladder contractile response to<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KCl<\/jats:styled-content>was demonstrated in the 24\u2010week group but not the 8\u2010week group. The expressions of bladder<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>muscarinic receptor proteins were significantly and progressively decreased by<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFD<\/jats:styled-content>feeding from 8 to 24\u2009weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>High\u2010fat diet induces obesity and polyphagia in rats. Short\u2010term and long\u2010term<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFD<\/jats:styled-content>feeding decrease rat bladder<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>receptor expressions as well as contractile responses to the agonistic stimulation. In addition, bladder muscle dysfunction develops after long\u2010term<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFD<\/jats:styled-content>feeding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/luts.12171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,6]],"date-time":"2017-07-06T02:23:02Z","timestamp":1499307782000},"page":"315-319","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Changes of Bladder<scp>M<\/scp><sub>1,3<\/sub>Muscarinic Receptor Expression in Rats Fed with Short\u2010Term\/Long\u2010Term High\u2010Fat Diets"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Chian\u2010Shiung","family":"LIN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Chi Mei Medical Center\u2010Liouyin Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tony T.\u2010L.","family":"WU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Surgery Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Urology, School of Medicine National Yang Ming University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chin\u2010Hong","family":"CHANG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Chi\u2010Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research Chi\u2010Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juei\u2010Tang","family":"CHENG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research Chi\u2010Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences Chang Jung Christian University Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3007-9410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yat\u2010Ching","family":"TONG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(24)01362-0","article-title":"International Union of Pharmacology. 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