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Diagnosis of IC\/BPS is based on clinical features, and the possibility of other conditions must be ruled out first. Although no definitive treatment is currently available for IC\/BPS, various intravesical therapies are used for IC\/BPS, including heparin, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, pentosan polysulfate, dimethylsulfoxide, liposomes, and botulinum onabotulinumtoxinA (BoNT\u2010A). This review summarizes the intravesical therapy for IC\/BPS and discusses recent advances in the instillation of liposomal\u2010mediated BoNT\u2010A and other newly developed intravesical therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/luts.12214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,17]],"date-time":"2018-01-17T09:40:11Z","timestamp":1516182011000},"page":"3-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Advances in intravesical therapy for bladder pain syndrome (BPS)\/interstitial cystitis (IC)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"En","family":"Meng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Tri\u2010Service General Hospital National Defense Medical Center  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Chao","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Linko Chang Gung Memorial Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine Chang Gung University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1468-3792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yao\u2010Chi","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine  Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"334","article-title":"11th ed.Campbell\u2013Walsh urology","author":"Hanno PM","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.10052"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.01.086"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2011.03.132"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.08.088"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000165170.43617.be"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)64847-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(03)00257-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2006.08.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20638"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20513"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327655jchn2303_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","unstructured":"EngelerD BaranowskiA BorovickaJ CottrellA Dinis\u2010OliveiraP ElneilS.EAU guidelines on chronic pelvic pain.2014;https:\/\/uroweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/26-Chronic-Pelvic-Pain_LR.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2012.217"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.12085"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1600-0854.2003.00156.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/13543784.2014.909406"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)65933-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-007-0515-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2009.09.078"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2042.2012.03135.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365590410015876-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2005.05776.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-010-1294-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","first-page":"1454","article-title":"The efficacy of chondroitin sulfate 0.2% in treating interstitial cystitis","volume":"9","author":"Steinhoff G","year":"2002","journal-title":"Can J Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2008.08028.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2012.01.059"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","first-page":"328","article-title":"Intravesical glycosaminoglycan replenishment with chondroitin sulphate in chronic forms of cystitis. 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