{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T16:21:54Z","timestamp":1790007714752,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,18]],"date-time":"2013-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1379462400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"US Agency for International Development (USAID)","award":["AID-OAA-A-12-00005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AID-OAA-A-12-00005"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008391","name":"UBS Optimus Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008391","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"WHO Headquarters"},{"name":"WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific"},{"name":"Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Maternal & Child Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Suboptimal complementary feeding practices contribute to a rapid increase in the prevalence of stunting in young children from age 6 months. The design of effective programmes to improve infant and young child feeding requires a sound understanding of the local situation and a systematic process for prioritizing interventions, integrating them into existing delivery platforms and monitoring their implementation and impact. The identification of adequate food\u2010based feeding recommendations that respect locally available foods and address gaps in nutrient availability is particularly challenging. We describe two tools that are now available to strengthen infant and young child\u2010feeding programming at national and subnational levels. P<\/jats:styled-content>ro<\/jats:italic>PAN<\/jats:styled-content> is a set of research tools that guide users through a step\u2010by\u2010step process for identifying problems related to young child nutrition; defining the context in which these problems occur; formulating, testing, and selecting behaviour\u2010change recommendations and nutritional recipes; developing the interventions to promote them; and designing a monitoring and evaluation system to measure progress towards intervention goals. Optifood is a computer\u2010based platform based on linear programming analysis to develop nutrient\u2010adequate feeding recommendations at lowest cost, based on locally available foods with the addition of fortified products or supplements when needed, or best recommendations when the latter are not available. The tools complement each other and a case study from P<\/jats:styled-content>eru illustrates how they have been used. The readiness of both instruments will enable partners to invest in capacity development for their use in countries and strengthen programmes to address infant and young child feeding and prevent malnutrition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,13]],"date-time":"2015-10-13T17:39:56Z","timestamp":1444757996000},"page":"116-130","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Designing appropriate complementary feeding recommendations: tools for programmatic action"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Bernadette","family":"Daelmans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Ferguson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chessa K.","family":"Lutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family, Gender and Life Course Pan American Health Organization Washington, DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neha","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Pach\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubert Department of Global Health Emory University Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilary","family":"Creed\u2010Kanashiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Nutricional Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Woldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance III Project (FANTA)\/FHI 360 Washington, DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nun\u00e9","family":"Mangasaryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Section United Nations Children's Fund New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edith","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Section United Nations Children's Fund New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Mir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Analytic Methods for Population Health Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rossina","family":"Pareja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Nutricional Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Briend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Health University of Tampere, School of Medicine Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_18_2_1","first-page":"A1487","article-title":"Inadequate patterns of complementary feeding in 6\u201324\u2009mo children in four countries in Latin America and the Caribbean","volume":"19","author":"Arabi M.","year":"2005","journal-title":"The FASEB Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_3_1","unstructured":"ArabiM. 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