{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T03:04:55Z","timestamp":1784862295200,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,8]],"date-time":"2014-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1415404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"ZonMw, the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development","award":["170.992.501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["170.992.501"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Maternal &amp; Child Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitamin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content> insufficiency during pregnancy is associated with disturbed skeletal homeostasis during infancy. Our aim was to investigate the influence of adherence to recommendations for vitamin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content> supplement intake of 10\u2009\u03bcg\u2009per day (400\u2009<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IU<\/jats:styled-content>) during pregnancy (mother) and in the first months of life (child) on the occurrence of positional skull deformation of the child at the age of 2 to 4 months. In an observational case\u2013control study, two hundred seventy\u2010five 2\u2010 to 4\u2010month\u2010old cases with positional skull deformation were compared with 548 matched controls. A questionnaire was used to gather information on background characteristics and vitamin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content> intake (food, time spent outdoors and supplements). In a multiple variable logistic regression analysis, insufficient vitamin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content> supplement intake of women during the last trimester of pregnancy [adjusted odds ratio (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aOR<\/jats:styled-content>) 1.86, 95% (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>) 1.27\u20132.70] and of children during early infancy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aOR<\/jats:styled-content> 7.15, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 3.77\u201313.54) were independently associated with an increased risk of skull deformation during infancy. These associations were evident after adjustment for the associations with skull deformation that were present with younger maternal age and lower maternal education, shorter pregnancy duration, assisted vaginal delivery, male gender and milk formula consumption after birth. Our findings suggest that non\u2010adherence to recommendations for vitamin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content> supplement use by pregnant women and infants are associated with a higher risk of positional skull deformation in infants at 2 to 4 months of age. Our study provides an early infant life example of the importance of adequate vitamin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content> intake during pregnancy and infancy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,8]],"date-time":"2014-11-08T07:51:15Z","timestamp":1415433075000},"page":"177-188","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Insufficient vitamin <scp>D<\/scp> supplement use during pregnancy and early childhood: a risk factor for positional skull deformation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Marieke G.M.","family":"Weernink","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Health Technology and Services Research, Institute of Innovation and Governance Studies University of Twente  Enschede The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renske M.","family":"van Wijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Health Technology and Services Research, Institute of Innovation and Governance Studies University of Twente  Enschede The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catharina G.M.","family":"Groothuis\u2010Oudshoorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Health Technology and Services Research, Institute of Innovation and Governance Studies University of Twente  Enschede The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caren I.","family":"Lanting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Netherlands Institute for Applied Scientific Research TNO  Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cameron C.","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leo A.","family":"van Vlimmeren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Pediatric Physical Therapy Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magda M.","family":"Boere\u2010Boonekamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Health Technology and Services Research, Institute of Innovation and Governance Studies University of Twente  Enschede The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1097\/scs0b013e31815c93cb","article-title":"Validation of a simple method for measuring cranial deformities (plagiocephalometry)","volume":"19","author":"Adrichem L.N.","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200207000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-3054"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2008.03029.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.6.1710S"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.2.310"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/85.3.788"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-200510000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7171.1466"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JAC.0b013e318249e0fd"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2007.122689"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008873.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","unstructured":"Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Ern\u00e4hrung \u00d6sterreichische Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Ern\u00e4hrung Schweizerische Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Ern\u00e4hrungsforschung & Schweizerische Vereinigung f\u00fcr Ern\u00e4hrung(2013)Referenzwerte f\u00fcr die N\u00e4hrstoffzufuhr [Reference values for nutrient provision]. 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