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However, perinatal women living with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>anzania have reported an even greater prevalence of depression (43\u201345%). The primary goal of this study was to examine the relationship between maternal depression and infant malnutrition among women living with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>. The design was a retrospective cohort study within the context of a randomised controlled trial among women living with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> and their infants. Within this trial, 699 mother\u2013child pairs were analysed for the present study. Although antenatal depression was not associated with infant malnutrition and post\u2010natal depression was negatively associated [relative risk (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009=\u20090.80, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04], cumulative depression demonstrated a positive association with infant wasting (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009=\u20091.08, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and underweight (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009=\u20091.03, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) after controlling for confounding factors. Variation in the association between depression and infant nutritional status was observed for episodic vs. chronic depression. These findings suggest that providing evidence\u2010based services for persistent depression among women living with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> may have an effect on infant malnutrition. In addition, other positive outcomes may be related to infant cognitive development as well as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> disease prognosis and survival among women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,8]],"date-time":"2014-11-08T07:51:29Z","timestamp":1415433089000},"page":"603-613","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Association of maternal depression and infant nutritional status among women living with <scp>HIV<\/scp> in <scp>T<\/scp>anzania"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Kaaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences  Dar es Salaam Tanzania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria E.","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Population Harvard School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Lienert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Social Medicine Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Twayigize","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Social Medicine Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donna","family":"Spiegelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Harvard School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts 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