{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:17:12Z","timestamp":1787015832317,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,22]],"date-time":"2016-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Maternal &amp; Child Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The World Health Organization now recommends integrating calcium supplements into antenatal micronutrient supplementation programmes to prevent pre\u2010eclampsia, a leading cause of maternal mortality. As countries consider integrating calcium supplementation into antenatal care (ANC), it is important to identify context\u2010specific barriers and facilitators to delivery and adherence. Such insights can be gained from women's and health workers' experiences with iron and folic acid (IFA) supplements. We conducted in\u2010depth interviews with 22 pregnant and post\u2010partum women and 20 community\u2010based and facility\u2010based health workers in Kenya to inform a calcium and IFA supplementation programme. Interviews assessed awareness of anaemia, pre\u2010eclampsia and eclampsia; ANC attendance; and barriers and facilitators to IFA supplement delivery and adherence. We analyzed interviews inductively using the constant comparative method. Women and health workers identified poor diet quality in pregnancy as a major health concern. Neither women nor health workers identified pre\u2010eclampsia, eclampsia, anaemia or related symptoms as serious health threats. Women and community\u2010based health workers were unfamiliar with pre\u2010eclampsia and eclampsia and considered anaemia symptoms normal. Most women had not received IFA supplements, and those who had received insufficient amounts and little information about supplement benefits. We then developed a multi\u2010level (health facility, community, household and individual) behaviour change strategy to promote antenatal calcium and IFA supplementation. Formative research is an essential first step in guiding implementation of antenatal calcium supplementation programmes to reduce pre\u2010eclampsia. Because evidence on how to implement successful calcium supplementation programmes is limited, experiences with antenatal IFA supplementation can be used to guide programme development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,22]],"date-time":"2016-02-22T08:03:06Z","timestamp":1456128186000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Translating formative research findings into a behaviour change strategy to promote antenatal calcium and iron and folic acid supplementation in western Kenya"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Stephanie L.","family":"Martin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in International Nutrition, Division of Nutritional Sciences Cornell University  Ithaca New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gretchen L.","family":"Seim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salome","family":"Wawire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Insight Health Advisors  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gina M.","family":"Chapleau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in International Nutrition, Division of Nutritional Sciences Cornell University  Ithaca New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1763-1218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sera L.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Program in International Nutrition Cornell University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine L.","family":"Dickin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in International Nutrition, Division of Nutritional Sciences Cornell University  Ithaca New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2005665"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.113.188524"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(15)31016-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2013.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"Cornell University & Micronutrient Initiative. (2015)Integrated calcium and iron\u2010folic acid supplementation behavior change materials. Retrieved from:https:\/\/blogs.cornell.edu\/centirgroup\/files\/2015\/09\/CaIFASBCCmaterials\u20101kqv7hy.pdf(Accessed 3 September 2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2008.02105.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/midw.1999.0196"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(01)00185-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(94)90135-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12613"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hofmeyr G.J. Lawrie T.A. Atallah A.N.&Duley L.(2010)Calcium supplementation during pregnancy for preventing hypertensive disorders and related problems. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews CD001059.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001059.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000107674"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","unstructured":"Kenya Ministry of Health(2013a)National policy guideline on combined iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation for pregnant mothers in Kenya. Nairobi Kenya. Retreived from:https:\/\/www.k4health.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2013_kenya_signed_ifa_policy.pdf(Accessed 19 August 2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","unstructured":"Kenya Ministry of Health. (2013b)Health care provider iron folic acid supplementation counseling guides. Nairobi Kenya. Retrieved from:https:\/\/www.k4health.org\/toolkits\/anemia\u2010prevention\/bcc\u2010messages\u2010and\u2010materials(Accessed 9 June 2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","volume-title":"National Nutrition Action Plan: 2012\u20132017","author":"Kenya Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","volume-title":"National Guidelines for Quality Obstetrics and Perinatal Care","author":"Kenya Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation & Ministry of Medical Services","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","volume-title":"Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2014: Key Indicators","author":"Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS)","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","volume-title":"Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2008\u201309","author":"Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) & ICF Macro","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68397-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980009005862"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","article-title":"Using Formative Research to Design a Context\u2010specific Behaviour Change Strategy to Improve Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices and Nutrition in Nepal","author":"Locks L.M.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Maternal & Child Nutrition"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-012-1120-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8709.2011.00338.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2007.01960.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053747"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265100312S202"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.108.094888"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","volume-title":"Basics of Qualitative Research","author":"Strauss A.L.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","volume-title":"Guideline: Calcium Supplementation in Pregnant Women","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/63.6.853"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/132.4.859S"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8709.2004.00002.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8709.2012.00407.x"}],"container-title":["Maternal &amp; Child Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fmcn.12233","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fmcn.12233","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/mcn.12233","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/mcn.12233","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/mcn.12233","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T22:38:25Z","timestamp":1694126305000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/mcn.12233"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,22]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/mcn.12233"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mcn.12233","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1740-8695","1740-8709"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1740-8695","type":"print"},{"value":"1740-8709","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,22]]},"article-number":"mcn.12233"}}