{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T17:48:25Z","timestamp":1788112105406,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,1]],"date-time":"2016-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470009600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002784","name":"Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002784","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Maternal &amp; Child Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nipple pain and damage are commonly experienced by breastfeeding women and are associated with negative breastfeeding outcomes. Health care providers often recommend the application of lanolin to treat painful\/damaged nipples, yet no randomized controlled trial has evaluated the effectiveness of lanolin on nipple pain and breastfeeding outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of lanolin on nipple pain among breastfeeding women with damaged nipples. A randomized, single\u2010blind, controlled trial was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Breastfeeding women (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009186) identified as having nipple pain\/damage were randomized to apply lanolin (intervention group; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200993) or to receive usual postpartum care (control group; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200993). The primary outcome was nipple pain at 4 days post\u2010randomization measured by the Numeric Rating Scale. Additional outcomes included nipple pain measured by the Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire, breastfeeding duration\/exclusivity, breastfeeding self\u2010efficacy, and maternal satisfaction with lanolin treatment versus usual care. The results revealed no significant group differences in mean pain scores at 4 days post\u2010randomization. Women in both groups experienced clinically relevant decreases in nipple pain by 7 days post\u2010randomization. Significantly, more women in the lanolin group reported that they were satisfied with treatment compared with those receiving usual care. No significant group differences were found for other secondary outcomes. While more women were satisfied using lanolin, its application to sore\/damaged nipples was ineffective for reducing nipple pain or improving breastfeeding outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,2]],"date-time":"2016-08-02T16:34:53Z","timestamp":1470155693000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Lanolin for the treatment of nipple pain in breastfeeding women: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Kimberley T.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Western Ontario  London Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing University of Toronto, Canada and Women's Health Research Chair, St. Michael's Hospital  Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cindy\u2010Lee","family":"Dennis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing University of Toronto, Canada and Women's Health Research Chair, St. Michael's Hospital  Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000318228"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2013.0106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089033449701300417"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1624\/105812404826432"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2011.3119"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","first-page":"16","article-title":"A study of four methods of nipple care offered to postpartum mothers","volume":"78","author":"Clark M.","year":"1985","journal-title":"The New Zealand Nursing Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/215805311807010468"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6909.2002.tb00019.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0884217503258459"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007366.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2011.0121"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Factors influencing breast feeding initiation and duration in a private Western Australian maternity hospital","volume":"3","author":"Fetherston C.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Breastfeeding Review Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-2182(88)90163-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1446.2008.00705.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"Perceptions and correlates of nipple pain","volume":"3","author":"Heads J.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Breastfeeding Review Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-536X.1987.tb01447.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","volume-title":"Handbook of Pain Assessment","author":"Jensen M.P.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JPN.0000285810.13527.a7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.4.413"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(01)00550-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1966617"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6909.1997.tb01507.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089033449901500315"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","volume-title":"Core Curriculum for Lactation Consultant Practice","author":"Mannel R.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Nipple pain: causes, treatments and remedies","volume":"36","author":"Martin J.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Leaven"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","volume-title":"Pain: Clinical Manual for Nursing Practice","author":"McCaffery M.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195165678.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006199-197507000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006199-197801000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(87)91074-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-536X.1996.tb00835.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089033448500100304"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(94)00178-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005721-197803000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1526-9523(00)00011-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006199-199001000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-6138(86)80042-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization(2009)Baby\u2010friendly Hospital Initiative. 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