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In this retrospective cohort study, 39 children aged 5\u20136\u00a0years who had been exposed to a thiamine\u2010deficient formula during infancy were compared with 30 age\u2010matched healthy children with unremarkable infant nutritional history. The motor function of the participants was evaluated with The Movement Assessment Battery for Children (M\u2010ABC) and the Zuk Assessment. Both evaluation tools revealed statistically significant differences between the exposed and unexposed groups for gross and fine motor development (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001, ball skills<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.01) and grapho\u2010motor development (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.004). The differences were especially noteworthy on M\u2010ABC testing for balance control functioning (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001, OR 5.4; 95% CI 3.4\u20137.4) and fine motor skills (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001, OR 3.2; 95% CI 1.8\u20134.6). In the exposed group, both assessments concurred on the high rate of children exhibiting motor function difficulties in comparison to unexposed group (M\u2010ABC: 56% vs. 10%, Zuk Assessment: 59% vs. 3%,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). Thiamine deficiency in infancy has long\u2010term implications on gross and fine motor function and balance skills in childhood, thiamine having a crucial role in normal motor development. The study emphasizes the importance of proper infant feeding and regulatory control of breast milk substitutes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,30]],"date-time":"2017-01-30T02:02:52Z","timestamp":1485741772000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["The effect of subclinical infantile thiamine deficiency on motor function in preschool children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yael","family":"Harel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, The Stanley Steyer School of Health Professions Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luba","family":"Zuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, The Stanley Steyer School of Health Professions Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Guindy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maccabi Healthcare Services Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orly","family":"Nakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maccabi Healthcare Services Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dafna","family":"Lotan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology Unit, Dana Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center &amp; Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aviva","family":"Fattal\u2010Valevski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology Unit, Dana Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center &amp; Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-010814-015128"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/an.111.001172"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.112.169524"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000339356"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-008-9297-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003581"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60937-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1861"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.062737"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2014.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2012.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2012.0067"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","volume-title":"Prechtl's method on the qualitative assessment of general movements in preterm, term and young infants","author":"Einspieler C.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2009.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr068"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1533210110392941"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1255"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2008.03161.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181b121f5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40474-014-0013-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607114565245"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2010.08.083"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-2491"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614s","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/85.2.614S","article-title":"Nutrition and the developing brain: Nutrient priorities and measurement","volume":"85","author":"Georgieff M. 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