{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T14:16:11Z","timestamp":1756995371634,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,8]],"date-time":"2017-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000200","name":"United States Agency for International Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Cooperative agreement number AID\u2010OAA\u2010A\u201014\u201000028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Cooperative agreement number AID\u2010OAA\u2010A\u201014\u201000028"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000200","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Maternal &amp; Child Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In Egypt, rising maternal overweight and obesity is consistent with the transition to westernized diets and a growing reliance on energy\u2010dense, low nutrient foods. Although the first 1,000\u00a0days of life are the focus of many programmes designed to prevent many forms of malnutrition, little attention has been paid to maternal dietary practices and weight gain during pregnancy. This study used in\u2010depth interviews with pregnant women (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a040), lactating women (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a040), and nonlactating women (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a040) to gain an understanding of behaviours, perceptions, and cultural beliefs in relation to maternal dietary intake during pregnancy, lactation, and nonlactation; weight gain during pregnancy; birth spacing; and family planning. Study findings reveal that food choice was driven by affordability, favoured foods, or foods considered appropriate for a specific life stage (pregnant, lactating, and nonlactating). Knowledge of weight gain during pregnancy is limited, especially with regards to excessive weight gain during pregnancy. Diet is often modified during lactation to support breast milk production, and a normal diet resumed when breastfeeding ceases. Within the context of breastfeeding, the lactational amenorrhea method provides an opportunity to improve exclusive breastfeeding practices, maternal diet during lactation, and the transition to other family planning methods by 6\u00a0months postpartum. Health care providers should discuss limiting maternal consumption of low nutrient foods such as junk foods, soda, and teas during pregnancy and postpartum. Dietary counselling should accompany information on appropriate weight gain during pregnancy and exercise to prevent excessive weight gain, in the context of the nutrition transition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,9]],"date-time":"2017-06-09T05:22:44Z","timestamp":1496985764000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Program considerations for integration of nutrition and family planning: Beliefs around maternal diet and breastfeeding within the context of the nutrition transition in Egypt"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0439-6308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justine A.","family":"Kavle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal and Child Survival Program (MCSP)  Washington, DC USA"},{"name":"Maternal, Newborn, Child Health and Nutrition PATH  Washington, DC USA"},{"name":"Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health George Washington University  Washington, DC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sohair","family":"Mehanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Research Center American University in Cairo  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ghada","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health George Washington University  Washington, DC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Research Center American University in Cairo  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gulsen","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Nutrition Institute of Egypt  Cairo Egypt"},{"name":"SMART Project Maternal and Child Health Integrated Program (MCHIP)  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cyril","family":"Engmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Global Health University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"School of Medicine Pediatrics University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"Maternal, Newborn, Child Health and Nutrition PATH  Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61696-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60937-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"Breisinger C. Al\u2010Riffai P. Ecker O. Abuismail R. Waite J. Abdelwahab N. \u2026Armanious D.(2015).Tackling Egypt's rising food insecurity in a time of transition.Joint IFPRI\u2010WFP Country Policy Note."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.109.116327"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000171118.79529.a3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.15.1809"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"Egyptian Cabinet's Information and Decision Support Center &World Food Program. (2012).Egyptian food observatory: Food monitoring and evaluation system (Quarterly Bulletin Issue 10). Cairo Egypt."},{"volume-title":"Egypt Demographic and Health Survey 2008","year":"2009","author":"El\u2010Zanaty F.","key":"e_1_2_9_9_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g1446"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12126"},{"volume-title":"Nutrition during pregnancy and lactation: An implementation guide","year":"1992","author":"Institute of Medicine (US)","key":"e_1_2_9_12_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"International Food Policy Research Institute [IFPRI]. (2015).Global nutrition report 2015: Actions and accountability to advance nutrition and sustainable development. Washington DC: IFPRI.","DOI":"10.2499\/9780896298835"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Programming maternal and child overweight and obesity in the context of undernutrition: Current evidence and key considerations for low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries","author":"Jaacks L. M.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Public Health Nutrition"},{"volume-title":"Examining factors associated with stunting in Lower Egypt in comparison to Upper Egypt: Bridging the gap between cultural beliefs and feasible feeding practices through Trials for Improved Practices","year":"2014","author":"Kavle J.","key":"e_1_2_9_15_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12165"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-1627-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12213"},{"volume-title":"The double burden of malnutrition: Case studies from six developing countries","year":"2006","author":"Kennedy G.","key":"e_1_2_9_19_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001521"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JNR.0b013e31824777c1"},{"volume-title":"Egypt Demographic and Health Survey 2014","year":"2015","author":"Ministry of Health and Population (Egypt)","key":"e_1_2_9_22_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/407237"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","unstructured":"QSR International Pty Ltd. (2012).NVivo qualitative data analysis software. Version 10."},{"volume-title":"Editors; Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. Weight gain during pregnancy: Re\u2010examining the guidelines","year":"2009","author":"Rasmussen K. M.","key":"e_1_2_9_25_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01044-2"},{"volume-title":"Further evidence of the effects of preceding birth intervals on neonatal, infant, and under\u2010five\u2010years mortality and nutritional status in developing countries: Evidence from the Demographic and Health Surveys","year":"2008","author":"Rutstein S. O.","key":"e_1_2_9_27_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shrimpton R. &Rokx C.(2012).The double burden of malnutrition: A review of global evidence. 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