{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T01:07:21Z","timestamp":1773277641312,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,4]],"date-time":"2017-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1507075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005280","name":"The American Association of University Women","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005280","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"The Cornell Graduate School"},{"name":"The Cornell Human Ecology Alumni Association"},{"name":"The First Presbyterian Church of Ithaca"},{"name":"The Mario Einaudi Center for International Studies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Maternal &amp; Child Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Worldwide, mothers with young children receive many messages about infant feeding. Some messages are generated by health providers and others by the households, communities, and social contexts in which women live. We aimed to determine the scope of infant feeding messages in urban Haiti and to examine intracultural differences in salience of these messages and their alignment with international guidelines. We applied the method of free listing with 13 health workers and 15 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)\u2010infected and 15 HIV\u2010uninfected mothers with infants 0\u20136\u00a0months old at Groupe Ha\u00eftien d'Etude du Sarcome de Kaposi et des Infections Opportunistes in Port\u2010au\u2010Prince, Haiti. Participants listed all messages women receive about infant feeding and specifically about HIV and infant feeding. Message salience was determined by frequency of mention and recall order; messages were coded for key themes. For all groups, the World Health Organization infant feeding recommendations were salient, especially those related to exclusive breastfeeding. Messages across all groups focused on infant health outcomes, with less emphasis on maternal outcomes. Cultural beliefs were also elicited and showed higher salience for mothers than health workers, particularly for consequences of poor maternal nutrition. Health workers' free lists were poorly correlated to those of mothers, whereas those of mothers were highly correlated, regardless of HIV status. Inasmuch as many salient messages were culturally generated, and differences existed between mothers and health workers, we conclude that it is important for health workers to acknowledge the broader infant feeding message environment, and discrepancies within that environment, to address successes and failures in the messages reaching mothers, given potential consequences for mothers' breastfeeding behaviours.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,4]],"date-time":"2017-10-04T12:02:37Z","timestamp":1507118557000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Who knows what: An exploration of the infant feeding message environment and intracultural differences in <scp>P<\/scp>ort\u2010au\u2010<scp>P<\/scp>rince, <scp>H<\/scp>aiti"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1599-6069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth L.","family":"Fox","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nutritional Sciences Cornell University  Ithaca New York USA"},{"name":"Berman Institute of Bioethics Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gretel H.","family":"Pelto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nutritional Sciences Cornell University  Ithaca New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen M.","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nutritional Sciences Cornell University  Ithaca New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie Guerda","family":"Debrosse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groupe Ha\u00eftien d'Etude du Sarcome de Kaposi et des Infections Opportunistes (GHESKIO)  Port\u2010au\u2010Prince Ha\u00efti"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanessa A.","family":"Rouzier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groupe Ha\u00eftien d'Etude du Sarcome de Kaposi et des Infections Opportunistes (GHESKIO)  Port\u2010au\u2010Prince Ha\u00efti"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean William","family":"Pape","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groupe Ha\u00eftien d'Etude du Sarcome de Kaposi et des Infections Opportunistes (GHESKIO)  Port\u2010au\u2010Prince Ha\u00efti"},{"name":"Center for Global Health Weill Cornell Medical College  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David L.","family":"Pelletier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nutritional Sciences Cornell University  Ithaca New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.7.1691"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-7207-7_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/JAHR2015.0353"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.12.113936"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12180"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13134-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"80","volume-title":"Specialized ethnographic methods: A mixed methods approach","author":"Borgatti S. P.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","volume-title":"Transforming qualitative information: Thematic analysis and code development","author":"Boyatzis R. E.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2012.07.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","volume-title":"Enqu\u00eate mortalit\u00e9, morbidit\u00e9 et utilisation des services, Haiti 2012","author":"Cayemittes M.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089033449901500107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2005.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(02)00088-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-5887-2_10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8709.2012.00428.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4358-3-26"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4358-7-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.111.155275"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-1650-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-6712.2007.00572.x"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","first-page":"306","article-title":"Infant and young child feeding in four departments in Haiti: Mixed\u2010method study on prevalence of recommended practices and related attitudes, beliefs, and other determinants","volume":"36","author":"Laterra A.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Revista Panamericana de Salud P\u00fablica"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.16.1.18037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2008.04618.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","volume-title":"Microsoft Excel","author":"Microsoft","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4358-5-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","volume-title":"Normes nationales relatives \u00e0 l'alimentation du nourrisson du jeune enfant sains et de ceux n\u00e9s de m\u00e8res s\u00e9ropositives. Ministere de la Sante Publique et de la Population Unite de Coordination du Programme National d'Alimentation et de Nutrition","author":"Ministere de la Sante Publique et de la Population","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","volume-title":"Nutrition du nourrisson et du jeune enfant: Bonjan fason pou bay yon tibebe manje depi l f\u00e8k f\u00e8t jouk li rive 24 mwa. Ministere de la Sante Publique et de la Population Unite de Coordination du Programme National d'Alimentation et de Nutrition","author":"Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 Publique et de la Population","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2005881"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334408325072"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781483345437"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","volume-title":"Applied ethnography: Guidelines for field research","author":"Pelto P. J.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","volume-title":"FLAME","author":"Pennec F.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019541"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","volume-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R CORE TEAM","year":"2015"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Using ANTHROPAC 3.5 and a spreadsheet to compute a free\u2010list salience index","volume":"5","author":"Smith J. J.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Field Methods"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/jlin.1997.7.2.208"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822X0101300303"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822X06293128"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2014.951310"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","volume-title":"Key messages booklet: The community infant and young child feeding counselling package","author":"UNICEF","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412986069"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","volume-title":"Breastfeeding key to saving children's lives","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2015)Infant and young child feeding. Periodical Infant and young child feeding. Available at:http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs342\/en\/. [12 December 2015]."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","volume-title":"Guidelines on HIV and infant feeding 2010: Principles and recommendations for infant feeding in the context of HIV and a summary of evidence","author":"WHO","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","volume-title":"Global nutrition targets 2025: Breastfeeding policy brief (WHO\/NMH\/NHD\/14.7)","author":"WHO\/UNICEF","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(01)00032-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/an.110.000224"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","volume-title":"Advancing health literacy: A framework for understanding and action","author":"Zarcadoolas C.","year":"2006"}],"container-title":["Maternal &amp; Child Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fmcn.12537","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/mcn.12537","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/mcn.12537","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/mcn.12537","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T03:32:05Z","timestamp":1694143925000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/mcn.12537"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,4]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/mcn.12537"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mcn.12537","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1740-8695","1740-8709"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1740-8695","type":"print"},{"value":"1740-8709","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,4]]},"article-number":"e12537"}}