{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T20:46:02Z","timestamp":1783025162614,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]],"date-time":"2017-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health","award":["UCL-held RCUK"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UCL-held RCUK"]}]},{"name":"Research Management Centre Universiti Putra Malaysia","award":["RMC-UPM AO4656"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RMC-UPM AO4656"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Maternal &amp; Child Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Maternal psychological state is recognised to influence lactation success, largely by affecting milk ejection. Thus, increased psychological distress can disrupt milk flow and in the long\u2010term, affect milk synthesis. Conversely, it is possible that milk ejection could be improved by using relaxation therapy during breastfeeding. We performed a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions using relaxation therapy to improve breastfeeding outcomes and to assess the consequent impact(s) on infant growth and behaviour. A literature search was performed using the PRISMA guidelines where we included intervention studies (including nonrandomised controlled studies) using relaxation therapy in breastfeeding mothers during the post\u2010natal period. Out of 147 identified records at the initial search, 5 studies were eligible, of which 3 were randomised controlled trials and 2 were nonrandomised or quasi\u2010experimental studies. These studies were conducted in Europe, America, and India and included 311 mother\u2013infant pairs, of which 64 infants were full\u2010term and 247 were premature infants. Relaxation therapy was shown to increase milk yield in mothers of preterm infants in 2 randomised trials, however, the milk sampling protocol for these studies could be questioned. None of the studies investigated the consequent effects on infant outcomes. Overall, limited evidence was found on the effectiveness of relaxation therapy on breast milk composition and infant outcomes. Experimental studies with better standardisation of protocol and robust methodological design are needed to investigate the effectiveness of relaxation therapy on both breastfeeding and infant growth and behavioural outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,7]],"date-time":"2017-12-07T05:16:13Z","timestamp":1512623773000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["The effectiveness of interventions using relaxation therapy to improve breastfeeding outcomes: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1155-9366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nurul Husna","family":"Mohd Shukri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Child Health, University College London  London UK"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia  Serdang Selangor Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan C. K.","family":"Wells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Child Health, University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Fewtrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Child Health, University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334413504244"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"CC04","article-title":"Impact of music therapy on breast milk secretion in mothers of premature newborns","volume":"9","author":"Ak J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2009.179564"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"Centre for Evidence\u2010Based Medicine University of Oxford. (2005).Critical appraisal worksheets for therapy articles. Therapy study: Are the results of the trial valid?Retrieved August 2016 2016 fromhttp:\/\/www.cebm.net\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/RCT_Appraisal_sheets_2005_English\u20102.docx."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.110.123489"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.20140"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2007.00184.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.11.3012S"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.83.1.57","article-title":"Increasing breast milk production for premature infants with a relaxation\/imagery audiotape","volume":"83","author":"Feher S. 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